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Gas exchange
________ occurs mostly over the exterior body surface, with the pharynx and pharyngeal slits playing a minor role.
little enlarged tip
Lancelets lacks a full- fledged brain and instead have a(n) ________ on the anterior end of their dorsal nerve cord, as shown in the image attatched.
Plankton
________ and other suspended particles are trapped in the larvae's throat as they sink.
crucial tasks
With a more complicated neural system and a skeletal structure than their forebears, vertebrates were more effective at two ________: collecting food and avoiding being devoured.
pharyngeal slits
As water flows through the ________, a net of mucus produced across the openings eliminates small food particles, and the trapped food reaches the gut.
Adult lancelets
________ can grow to be 6 cm long.
Vertebrates
________ are chordates (animals with a backbone)
Lancelets
________ have a notochord, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, many pharyngeal slits, and a post- anal tail as larvae.
Chordates
________ have a notochord and a hollow dorsal nerve cord.
blue whale
The ________, which may weigh more than 100, 000 kg, is the largest mammal known to have lived on Earth.
Human
________- derived characteristics include bipedalism, a bigger brain, and a smaller jaw as compared to other apes.
Humans
________ are animals that walk on two legs and have big brains.
Homo ergaster
The first completely bipedal, large- brained hominid was ________.
lineage of chordates
A(n) ________ gave rise to vertebrates half a billion years ago during the Cambrian epoch.
Lancelets research
________ has also provided crucial insights into the development of the chordate brain.
Hominins humans
________ and animals more closely related to humans than chimps- emerged in Africa some 6 million years ago.
Hox genes
________ (particularly BF1, Otx, and Hox3) regulate the development of key brain areas in vertebrates.
Lancelets
________ (Cephalochordata), which receive their name from their bladelike form, are the most basal (earliest diverging) group of extant chordates (as shown in the image attached)
Vertebrates
________ are chordates, which are part of the phylum Chordata.
Chordates
________ are bilaterian (bilaterally symmetrical) creatures that belong to the Deuterostomia group of animals within Bilateria.
Vertebrates
________ include the largest creatures to ever walk on earth, plant- eating dinosaurs weighing up to 40, 000 kg (more than 13 pickup trucks)
