Chapter 1: Basics
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Last updated 4:50 PM on 4/10/22
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41 Terms
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Absolute zero
________ is 0 K and is the point at which all molecular motion ceases.
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Metalloids
________- have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
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SI
The ________ unit for volume is the cubic meter (m3),
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Thompson
________ also developed an atomic model, the raisin pudding model which describes the atoms as being diffuse positively charged spheres with electrons scattered.
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Ternary acids
________ are usually named with the suffixes ic or ous.
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Metals
________- are solid (mercury being an exception) shiny, and good conductors of heat and electricity, they are malleable and ductile.
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Prefixes
________ are used to indicate the number of each atom present.
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Mathematical operations
________ are conducted with the units associated with the numbers, and these units are canceled until only the unit of the desired answer is left.
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Robert Millikan
1909, ________ measured the charge on the electron in his oil- drop experiment (electron charge=- 1.6022 × 10- 19 coulombs), and from that, he calculated the mass of the electron.
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complex paths
The negatively charged electrons move around the nucleus in ________, all of which compose the electron cloud.
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vertical rows
The ________ are called groups or families.
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definite shape
A gas has neither ________ nor volume.
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JJ Thompson
1897 ________ discovered the existence of the first subatomic particle electron.
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Nonmetals
________- poor conductors of heat and electricity, are not malleable or ductile.
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square brackets
The ________ are omitted when the actual structure of the complex is uncertain.
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regular framework
The particles that make up a solid are close together and many times are locked into a very ________ called a crystal lattice.
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density
The ________ (D) of an object is calculated by dividing the mass of the object by its volume.
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horizontal rows
Periods are ________ that have consecutive atomic numbers.
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liquid
A(n) ________ has a definite volume and no definite shape.
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X
________ represents the element symbol taken from the periodic table.
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Ternary compounds
________ are those containing three or more elements.
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electron affinity
The ________ (EA) is the energy change that results from adding an electron to an atom or ion.
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1871
In ________, a Russian chemist, Dmitri Mendeleev, introduced the first modern periodic table.
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metal ion
If the ________ may exist in more than one oxidation state, this oxidation state should be listed, in Roman numerals, immediately after the name of the ________.
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Ernest Rutherford
________, 1910, was investigating atomic structure by shooting positively charged alpha particles at a thin gold foil.
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Dalton
________ thought that atoms of an element are the same and atoms of different elements are different.
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Anionic complexes
________ always have names ending in ate.
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Coordination
________ compounds contain a complex.
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Carbon monoxide
________ is one of the very few cases where the prefix mono is used.
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alkaline earth metals
The ________ have an oxidation number of +2 in all their compounds.
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electronic configuration
The ________ is a condensed way of representing the pattern of electrons in an atom.
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particular subshell
The electrons in a(n) ________ may be distributed among volumes of space of equal energies called orbitals.
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Binary compounds
________ are compounds that consist of only two elements.
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Oxidation numbers
________ are numbers that help to balance redox.
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mass number
A is the ________, the sum of the protons and neutrons.
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ionization energy
The ________ (IE) is the energy needed to completely remove an electron from an atom.
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central atom
A complex is composed of a(n) ________, normally a metal, surrounded by atoms or groups of atoms called ligands.
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SI
The system of units in chemistry is the ________ system (Systemic International)
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square brackets
A complex may be recognized because it is enclosed in ________]
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oxidation numbers
The sum of all the ________ in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge on the ion.
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Binary compounds
________ may be subdivided into metal type, nonmetal type, and acid type.
