AP French Unit 6 Study Guide: Global Challenges (Les défis mondiaux)
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46 Terms
Le réchauffement climatique
Global warming.
L’effet de serre
The greenhouse effect caused by greenhouse gas emissions.
L'épuisement des ressources
Resource depletion.
Les énergies renouvelables
Renewable energies such as solar, wind, and hydraulic.
Le développement durable
Sustainable development based on economic, social, and environmental pillars.
L'empreinte carbone
Carbon footprint.
L'énergie nucléaire
Nuclear energy relied on by France for electricity leading to low carbon emissions.
Les déchets radioactifs
Radioactive waste generated by nuclear energy.
Loi de transition énergétique
Law aimed to reduce reliance on nuclear energy and promote renewables.
L'Accord de Paris
International treaty on climate change signed in 2015.
La diplomatie climatique
Climate diplomacy role assumed by France on the international stage.
La désertification
Process where fertile land becomes desert, particularly affecting regions like the Sahel.
La Grande Muraille Verte
Initiative to plant trees across Africa to combat desertification.
La déforestation
Deforestation, notably in the Congo Basin affecting biodiversity.
Le chômage
Unemployment; a chômeur is an unemployed person.
La précarité
Job or financial insecurity or instability.
Le seuil de pauvreté
The poverty line.
Les Sans-Domicile-Fixe (SDF)
The homeless, a sensitive term in France.
L'aide sociale
Social welfare or aid.
État-providence
The welfare state model in France.
La Sécurité Sociale (La Sécu)
Universal healthcare coverage and family benefits in France.
Le RSA (Revenu de Solidarité Active)
Minimum guaranteed income for individuals without jobs or resources.
Les HLM (Habitations à Loyer Modéré)
Social housing projects often associated with isolation.
Les Grèves
Strikes, a constitutionally protected right in France used for political expression.
Les Gilets Jaunes
Yellow Vests movement protesting high fuel taxes and broader social inequalities.
La Laïcité
Secularism, a principle that separates Church and State in France.
Les Droits de l'Homme
Human rights, France's historical claim as the homeland of human rights.
La xénophobie
Fear or hatred of foreigners.
Le plafond de verre
The glass ceiling faced by women or minorities in the workplace.
Lois anti-discrimination
Laws in France punishing discrimination and hate speech.
Le multiculturalisme
Coexistence of distinct cultures, contrasting with France's assimilation model.
L'immigration et l'intégration
Challenges related to the integration of immigrants in France.
Le subjunctif
A grammatical mood used to express necessity, doubt, or emotion.
Il est impératif que
It is imperative that (used to trigger subjunctive).
Je ne pense pas que
I don't think that (used to trigger subjunctive).
Il est triste que
It is sad that (used to trigger subjunctive).
Bien que
Although (a connector used in arguments).
De plus
Moreover (a logical connector to add ideas).
Cependant
However (a logical connector to contrast ideas).
En somme
In sum (a connector used to conclude arguments).
La misère
Extreme poverty, a false cognate with 'misery'.
L'éducation
Upbringing or manners; strict school-related instruction is l'enseignement.
Supporter
To tolerate or stand something, to support an idea use soutenir.
La politique
Politics or policy; le politique refers to a politician.
Tout le monde
Everyone, which is singular in French.
Le chômage en France
Unemployment situation in France, with 'le' being the article used.
