Unit 6 Study Guide: Navigating Global Challenges in Chinese Context

Environmental Protection

The umbrella term for the efforts and initiatives aimed at preserving the environment.

Pollution

The introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment.

Air Pollution

The contamination of the atmosphere by harmful substances from industrial and vehicular emissions.

Smog

A type of air pollution characterized by the presence of smoke and fog.

Water Pollution

The contamination of water bodies due to industrial waste and other pollutants.

White Pollution

Environmental pollution that refers specifically to plastic waste.

Global Warming

The long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere due to greenhouse gas emissions.

Greenhouse Effect

The warming of Earth’s surface caused by greenhouse gases trapping heat.

Tiān Rén Hé Yī

The concept of harmony between nature and humanity in traditional Chinese philosophy.

Jiǎnshǎo

To reduce; often used in the context of reducing waste.

Chóngfù Shǐyòng

To reuse; commonly associated with practices like reusing plastic bags.

Huíshōu

To recycle; a term often used for recycling waste materials.

Dītàn Shēnghuó

A low-carbon lifestyle that minimizes carbon emissions in daily activities.

Rénkǒu Lǎolínghuà

Population aging, primarily due to a declining birth rate and increased life expectancy.

4-2-1 Family Structure

A family structure in which one child is raised by two parents and four grandparents.

Empty Nest Elderly

Elderly individuals whose children have moved away, leaving them alone.

Chéngzhènhuà

Urbanization; the migration of people from rural areas to urban cities.

Nóngmín Gōng

Migrant workers who travel from countryside villages to cities for jobs.

Liúshǒu Értóng

Left-behind children who remain in rural areas while their parents work in cities.

Pínfù Chājù

The wealth gap between the rich and poor in society.

Shēnghuó Shuǐpíng

Standard of living, which has generally risen but varies significantly across regions.

Zuò Yìgōng

Volunteering; participating in activities aimed at helping others.

Zhījiào

Volunteer teaching, especially in underprivileged areas.

Císhàn Jīgòu

Charity organizations that aid those in need.

Hùliánwǎng

Internet; a crucial platform for civic engagement and social responsibility.

Wǎngmín

Netizens; internet users who often participate in online activism.

Rénròu Sōusuǒ

Human Flesh Search Engine; a phenomenon where internet users track down individuals for public shaming.

Cuòshī

Measures or actions taken to address a problem, such as pollution.