Chapter 24 - Organic Chemistry

Cycloalkanes

________ are alkanes that have their carbon atoms arranged in a ring.

Saponification

________ has evolved into a catch- all term for the alkaline hydrolysis of any ester.

alkenes

Unsaturated hydrocarbons, or ________, are molecules containing double or triple carbon- carbon bonds that allow them to incorporate hydrogen atoms.

Amines

________ are organic bases with the formula R3N, where R might be hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group.

Condensation reaction

________ involves the combining of two molecules and the removal of a small molecule, usually water.

hydrogen atom

At least one ________ is connected to the carbon in the carbonyl group in an aldehyde.

substitution reaction

The ________, in which an atom or group of atoms replaces an atom or group of atoms in another molecule, is the most typical reaction of halogens with benzene.

alkoxide reacts

They are created when a(n) ________ with an alkyl halide.

category of compounds

Because they are only made up of hydrogen and carbon, most organic substances are derived from a(n) ________ called hydrocarbons.

Esters

________ are utilized in the confectionery and soft- drink industries as flavoring ingredients and the production of perfumes.

Organic compounds

________ can be classified based on the functional groups they contain.

Saponification

________ traditionally referred to the alkaline hydrolysis of fatty acid esters to produce soap molecules.