________ required even more drastic changes in airfoil shapes, some losing the roundness formerly associated with a wing and having a double- wedge shape.
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2
Weight
________ is a force that acts opposite to lift.
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3
Lift
________ and thrust are artificially created elements devised to enable an aircraft to fly.
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4
18th century
In the ________ the Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli discovered that, if the velocity of air is increased over a certain point of an airfoil, the pressure of the air is decreased.
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5
thermal techniques
In a sailplane, height attained by mechanical, orographic, or ________ is translated into speed by means of gravity.
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6
jet engine
In a(n) ________, thrust derives from the propulsive force of the rotating blades of a turbine compressing air, which is then expanded by the combustion of introduced fuel and exhausted from the engine.
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7
total lift
Thus, ________ is related to the shape of the airfoil, the angle of attack, and the speed with which the wing passes through the air.
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8
upper surface
Early airfoils typically had little more than a slightly curved ________ and a flat undersurface.
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9
Thrust
________ is obtained by accelerating a mass of ambient air to a velocity greater than the speed of the aircraft; the equal and opposite reaction is for the aircraft to move forward.
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