Chapter 10: Intelligence

Intellectual disability

________ is a developmental condition that is apparent before age 18.

Carol Dweck

________ believed that intelligence is changeable fosters a growth mindset, a focus on learning and growing.

J McVicker Hunt

________ began a training program for the Iranian caregivers, teaching them to play language- fostering games with 11 infant.

Steven Pinker

________ argued that biology affects gender differences in life priorities.

Psychologists

________ have explored our social intelligence- understanding social situations and managing ourselves successfully.

Steven Spencer

________ and his colleagues gave a difficult math test to equally capable men and women.

Vocabulary

________- naming pictured objects, or defining words " (What is a guitar ?)

David Wechsler

________ concluded that "the decline of mental ability with age is part of the general / [aging]/process of the organism as a whole ..

Heredity

________ contributes to individual differences in intelligence.

uniform testing procedures

Standardization**: defining ________ and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

proportion of variation

Heritability**: the ________ among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes.

Stereotype threat

________ may impair attention, performance, and learning.

Analytical

________ (academic problem- solving) intelligence is assessed by intelligence tests, which present well- defined problems having a single right answer.

Terman

________ studied more than 1500 California schoolchildren with IQ scores over 135.

Lewis Terman

________ tried to use Binets testing on children in California.

Age related cognitive differences

________ help explain why older adults are less likely to embrace new technologies.

Validity

________**: the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Stephen Ceci

________ and Wendy Williams reported that culturally influenced preferences help explain why American women, more than men, avoid math- intensive vocations.

Edward Thorndike

________ proposed an idea saying,"the best mechanic in a factory may fail as a foreman for lack of social intelligence.

Cohort

________:** a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period.

William Stern

________ developed the IQ (intelligence quotient) test.

Epigenetics

________ is one field that studies the nature and nurture process.

Motivation

________ can affect intelligence test performance.

Adoption

________ enhances the intelligence scores of mistreated or neglected children.

Intelligence

________ facilitates more education, better jobs, and a healthier environment.

valid statistical predictions

Tests are not biased in the scientific sense of failing to make ________ for different group.

verbal reasoning

Children have differing gifts, whether at math, ________, art, or social leadership.

innovative smarts

Creative intelligence is demonstrated in ________: the ability to adapt to new situations and generate novel ideas.

Fluid intelligence

________ is at its peak in late twenties or early thirties.

Hunt

________ believed that education boosted childrens chances for success by developing their cognitive and social skills.

Race

________ is not a neatly defined biological category.

US Supreme Court

The Flynn effect means fewer Americans are now eligible for execution (in 2002 the ________ ruled that the execution of people with an intellectual disability- defined as a test score of below 70- is "cruel and unusual punishment .)

Longitudinal Study

________**: research that follows and retests the same people over time.

Poverty

________ can deplete cognitive capacity.

Sectional Study

Cross- ________:** research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time.

racial differences

There are ________ in test scores, but the tests are inappropriate or biased.

Intelligence test

________ are expected to have predictive validity.

Howard Gardner

________ identified 8 relatively independent intelligence, including the verbal and mathematical aptitudes assessed by standardized tests.

intelligence scores of virtual twins

The ________- "same- age, unrelated siblings adopted as infants and raised together.

Practical intelligence

________ is required for everyday tasks that may be poorly defined and may have multiple solutions.

Sucess gift of nature

________ + a lot of nurture.

High reliability

________ does not ensure a tests validity.

Emotional Intelligence

________:** the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

Intelligence test scores

________ can mean life or death.

Intelligence Quotient

________ (IQ):** defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ= ma /ca × 100)

road test

A(n) ________ for a drivers license has content validity because it samples the tasks a driver routinely faces.

Academic aptitude test scores

________ are reasonably good predictors of achievement for children ages 6 to 12.

Intellectual Disability

________:** a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapaing to the depends of life.

Fluid intelligence

________ decreases beginning in the twenties and thirties, slowly up to age 75 or so, then more rapidly, especially after age 85.

Intelligence

________ is not a quality like height or weight, which has the same meaning to everyone worldwide.