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Fetal virus infections
________ may increase the odds that a child will develop schizophrenia.
Physicians
________ and mental health workers use the detailed "diagnostic criteria and codes "in the DSM- 5 to guide medical diagnoses and treatment.
Psychopathology
________ needs to be diagnosed on the basis of its symptoms.
Genetic influences
________, often in combination with negative environmental factors such as childhood abuse, family instability, or poverty, help wire the brain.
anxiety disorders
People with ________ tend to be hypervigilant.
phobias focus
Our ________ on dangers faced by our ancestors, our compulsive acts typically exaggerate behaviors that contributed to our species survival.
Compulsive behaviors
________ are responses to those thoughts.
Alcohol
________ use disorder, obsessive- compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia symptoms appear at a median age near 20.
Reinforcement
________ helps maintain learned fears and anxieties.
Selective attention
________ is a cause of disorganized thinking.
Medical Model
________:** the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.
poor judgment
Mania**: a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously ________ is common.
Depression
________ can cause the brains reward centers to become less active.
gender stress difference
The ________ explains why beginning in their early teens, women have been nearly twice as vulnerable to depression.
generalization
Stimulus ________ occurs when a person experiences a fearful event and later develops a fear of similar events.
Relentless
________ and self- focused rumination can distract us, increase negative emotion, and disrupt daily activity.
Schizophrenia
________ involves not one isolated brain abnormality but problems with several brain regions and their interconnections.
Natural selection
________ shaped our behaviors, when taken to an extreme, these behaviors can interfere with daily life.
Lack of conscience becomes
________ plain before age 15, as they begin to lie, steal, fight, or display unrestrained sexual behavior.
Molecular geneticists
________ have identified some specific genes that are more common in those with antisocial personality disorder.
social functioning
Personality Disorders:** inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair ________.
Phobia
________:** an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
Neuroscientists
________ have also discovered altered brain structures in people with bipolar disorder.
DSM
The ________ has broadened the diagnostic criteria for attention- deficit /hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
telltale sign of childhood
Eating disorders are not a(n) ________ sexual abuse.
Delusion
________:** a false belief, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
genetic predispositions
Disorders reflect ________ and physiological states, inner psychological dynamics, and social and cultural circumstances.
gender components
Eating disorders also have cultural and ________.
potential threats
They are often jittery, agitated, sleep- deprived, and become fixated on ________.
Antisocial personality disorder
________ is woven of both biological and psychological strands.
classical conditioning
Through ________, our fear responses can become linked with formerly neutral objects and events.
Bulimia nervosa
________,** unlike anorexia, is marked by weight fluctuations within or above normal ranges, making the condition easy to hide.
irrational fear
People with phobias are consumed by a persistent, ________ and avoidance of some object, activity, or situation.
dissociative detachment
When we face trauma, ________ may protect us from being overwhelmed by emotion.
Obsessive thoughts
________ are unwanted and so repetitive it may seem they will never go away.
Bulimia
________ may also be triggered by a weight- loss diet, broken by gorging on forbidden foods.
false perceptions
Hallucinations are ________.
Anorexia nervosa
________:** an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight; sometimes accompanied by excessive exercise.
Psychological Disorder
________**: a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individuals cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
Dissociative identity disorder
________ (DID- formerly called multiple personality disorder) is when two or more distinct identities- each with its own voice and mannerisms- seem to control a persons behavior at different times.
Traumatic fear learning experiences
________ can leave tracks in the brain, creating fear circuits.
Panic attack
________ is described as repeated panic attacks, with symptoms such as irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, and dizziness.
Bipolar disorder
________ is much less common the major depressive disorder but it is often more dysfunctional.
Depression
________ is both a cause and an effect of stressful experiences.
Schizophrenia
________ is the chief example of a psychotic disorder.
DSM
The ________- 5 is very close to the WHOs ICD (International Classification of Disease)
Anxiety Disorder
Generalized ________:** an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Bulimia nervosa
________:** an eating disorder in which a persons binge eating (usually of high- calorie foods) is followed by inappropriate weight- loss promoting behavior, such as vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
________:** a personality disorder in which a person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
________ (DID):** a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities.
