Chapter 5 - Gases

Ideal behavior

Ideal behavior

________ is defined as a gas that meets both of these criteria.

Thomas Graham

________, a Scottish scientist, discovered in 1832 that rates of diffusion for gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molar weights under the same conditions of temperature and pressure.

gaseous state

The gas laws and kinetic molecular theory assume that molecules in the ________ have no attraction or repulsive force on one another.

manometer

A(n) ________ is a device that is used to determine the pressure of gases other than air.

Density

________ is represented as n /V because the mass of the gas is directly proportional to the number of moles (n) in the gas.

Dalton

________ established the law of partial pressures in 1801, which states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were present alone.

Kelvin

One ________ (K) is the same as one degree Celsius on the ________ scale.

proportionality constant

The ________, R, is referred to as the gas constant.

absolute temperature

The volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at constant pressure is exactly proportional to the ________ of the gas, according to Charles 'law.

Absolute zero

________, or 273.15°C, is the lowest temperature that may theoretically be reached.

Diffusion

________ is the process of a gas progressively mixing with another, while effusion is the process of a gas under pressure escaping from one compartment of a container to another through a small opening.