Unit 3 Study Guide: Dynamics of Longer Narratives

Protagonist

The central character driving the action, often flawed; follows their psychological journey.

Antagonist

The character or force opposing the protagonist, creating necessary conflict for growth.

Foil Characters

Characters whose traits contrast sharply with another character to highlight specific qualities.

Dynamic Characters

Characters who undergo significant internal change throughout the narrative.

Static Characters

Characters who remain largely the same throughout the text.

Epiphany

A sudden realization that changes a character's understanding of themselves or the world.

Crisis

A moment of high tension requiring a difficult choice by the character.

Perspective

The distinct lens through which a character views the world, shaped by background and values.

Setting

The physical location, time period, and social/cultural environment within a narrative.

Linear Structure

A chronological order of events that shows clear cause-and-effect relationships.

Non-Linear Structure

A structure using flashbacks or framing devices, mimicking chaotic memory or trauma.

Exposition

The introduction of characters, setting, and the status quo in a narrative.

Inciting Incident

The specific event that disrupts the status quo and launches the conflict.

Rising Action

A series of complications in the narrative, typically the longest section.

Climax

The moment of highest tension and the turning point of the narrative.

Falling Action

The immediate consequences following the climax of the story.

Resolution (Dénouement)

The establishment of a new status quo following the narrative's conflict.

Internal Conflict

A psychological struggle within a character, often enhancing relatability and complexity.

Person vs. Person Conflict

A conflict highlighting opposing values between two characters.

Person vs. Society Conflict

A protagonist's clash with cultural norms, government, or oppression.

Person vs. Nature Conflict

A struggle highlighting human vulnerability against environmental challenges.

Conventional Symbols

Symbols that are universally recognized, such as a dove representing peace.

Contextual Symbols

Symbols that hold specific meanings only within the context of a particular text.

The Hero's Journey

An archetype depicting a hero's adventures and growth throughout a narrative.

The Scapegoat

An archetype representing a character or group that is blamed for problems.

Thesis Statement

A defensible claim establishing a line of reasoning in a literary argument.

Weak Thesis

A thesis lacking depth, exemplified by overly simplistic claims.

Strong Thesis

A multifaceted thesis connecting literary elements to broader themes.

Evidence

Specific details from a text that support a thesis, without direct quotations.

Commentary

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