Chapter 18 - Electrochemistry

electrolytic cell

A(n) ________ is a device that performs electrolysis.

electrode potential

The discrepancy between the ________ and the actual voltage necessary to initiate electrolysis is known as minimumovervoltage.

experimental method

The ________ for generating electricity through a spontaneous reaction is known as a galvanic cell or voltaic cell.

surface of iron

A process called passivation can make the ________ metal inactive.

Aluminum

________ has a much greater tendency to oxidize than iron does.

E°

________ is the standard reduction potential, or the voltage associated with a reduction reaction at an electrode when all solutes are 1 M and all gases are at 1 atm, and the superscript "° "denotes standard- state conditions.

Electrolysis

________ is a process in which electrical energy is utilized to cause a non- spontaneous chemical reaction to occur, as opposed to spontaneous redox reactions.

nonstandard state conditions

Under ________, there is a mathematical relationship between the emf of a galvanic cell and the concentration of reactants and products in a redox reaction.

Mg metal

The ________ was oxidized and H+ ions were reduced in the preceding reaction; the Cl− ions were spectator ions.

refrigeration systems

In the ________ and radiators a sodium chromate solution is often added to prevent the formation of rust.

Corrosion

________ is the term used to describe the electrochemical process that causes metals to corrode.

discipline of chemistry

The ________ that deals with the interconversion of electrical and chemical energy are known as electrochemistry.

electron pump

The battery is used as a "________ "which leads to the cathode where there is a reduction and removes electrons from the anode where oxidation takes place.

emf

The ________ (Ecell) measured is the cell's maximum voltage.

oxidation number

During oxidation, the electron loss through an element is marked by an increased ________ of the element.

Daniell cell

The ________ is a specific configuration of electrodes (Zn and Cu) and solutions (ZnSO4 and CuSO4)

constant voltage

A battery is a galvanic cell or a group of galvanic cells, that can be utilized as a(n) ________ source of direct electric current.

Faraday constant

The ________ (F) is the charge of one mole of electrons, named after the English chemist and scientist Michael Faraday.

dilute hydrochloric acid solution

A(n) ________ contains a silver wire covered with silver chloride.