Unit 6 Study Guide: Innovation, Rebeldía, and Identity in the 20th Century

Vanguardismo

Avant-garde movements in literature that sought to express the chaos of modern life.

La Generación del 27

A group of Spanish poets who combined avant-garde styles with traditional folklore.

Poesía Negra

A literary genre emphasizing the culture and struggle of Afro-descendants in the Caribbean.

La casa de Bernarda Alba

A play by Lorca exploring themes of repression and societal expectations.

Metonimia

A figure of speech where one thing is referred to by the name of something closely associated.

Rima asonante

A poetic rhyme where the vowels match but the consonants do not.

Feísmo

The aesthetic of the ugly, often used to describe grotesque realities.

Mestizaje

The mixing of indigenous, European, and African cultural identities.

Teatro del Absurdo

A style of theater that portrays human existence as meaningless and chaotic.

Jitanjáfora

The use of nonsense words for artistic rhythm in poetry.

Mujer negra

A poem by Nancy Morejón reflecting the history of black women in Cuba.

Triple Marginalización

The overlapping oppression based on race, gender, and class.

El calor

Symbol representing sexual desire and oppression in 'La casa de Bernarda Alba'.

El bastón

A phallic symbol of authority in 'La casa de Bernarda Alba'.

Apostrophe

A figure of speech in which the poet addresses an absent person or a personified object.

Peso ancestral

A poem by Storni addressing generational trauma regarding traditional gender roles.

Dualidad del ser

The internal conflict between public and private identities.

El hombre que se convirtió en perro

A play by Dragún illustrating the degradation of identity under capitalism.

Historical context

Understanding the authors' works requires knowledge of their historical and cultural environments.

Social critique

A literary approach that examines societal issues such as class, gender, and race.

Civil Wars

Political conflicts that greatly influenced the themes of 20th-century literature.

Afroantillana

Relating to the poetry and culture of Afro-Caribbean people.

Patriarchy

A social system in which men hold primary power and dominate in roles of political leadership.

Synthesis

The combining of different elements, celebrated in works exploring mestizaje.

Authoritarianism

A political system characterized by the concentration of power in a leader or elite not constitutionally responsible to the public.

Crisis of modernity

A period marked by uncertainty and fragmentation in identity due to urbanization and socio-political changes.

Symbolism

A literary device where symbols are used to signify ideas and qualities.

Oral storytelling

An art form that has been used throughout history to convey information and cultural values.

Meta-theater

A style where the play self-consciously addresses the audience, blurring the boundary between the performance and reality.

Introspection

The examination of one's own thoughts and feelings, particularly in feminist literature.

Class struggle

A concept in Marxist theory that examines the conflict of interests between the worker class and ruling class.

Tragic containment

A narrative technique where characters face irreversible consequences of their actions.

Alienation

A feeling of disconnection from one's surroundings, society, or self, common in modern literature.

Cultural impact

The influence that works of literature and art have on society and culture.

Romancero gitano

A collection of poems by Lorca that blends traditional styles with modern themes.

Gender roles

Socially constructed roles typically associated with being male or female.

Existentialism

A philosophical movement focusing on individual existence and the meaning of life.

Historical impact

The significance of historical events on the development of cultural and literary movements.

Oppression

Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment of individuals or groups.

Literary forms

Diverse genres or structures used in writing, such as drama, poetry, and prose.

Urban decay

The process where urban areas decline due to various socio-economic factors.

Romances

Poetic forms often characterized by narrative storytelling and themes of love or tragedy.

Cultural identity

The identity of a group or culture, shaped by shared experiences, values, and traditions.

Repression

The act of subduing someone or something by force, often seen in social structures.

Tradition vs. Modernity

The tension between long-established customs and the influences of modern practices.

Rhythmic structure

The pattern of beats or stresses in poetry that can convey mood and meaning.