An alpha particle is a helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons.
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Gamma Emission
Gamma emission is the giving off of high-energy, short-wavelength photons similar to X-rays.
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Positron Emission
A positron is essentially an electron that has a positive charge instead of a negative one.
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Electron Capture
The four decay modes described above all involve the emission or giving off a particle; electron capture is the capturing of an electron from the energy level closest to the nucleus(1s) by a proton in the nucleus.
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