GCSE Geography Paper 3 Geographical Applications Flashcards

Examination Body and Date: AQA GCSE Geography Paper 3 (Geographical Applications). The examination took place on Friday 14 June 2024, in the morning.
Time Allowed: $1$ hour and $30$ minutes.
Total Marks: The total number of marks available for the paper is $76$ .
Key Definitions for the Paper:
- HIC: Higher Income Country.
- LIC: Lower Income Country.
- NEE: Newly Emerging Economy.
Assessment of Literacy: Spelling, punctuation, grammar, and specialist terminology (SPaG) are specifically assessed in Questions $03$ and $05.4$ .
Materials Required: Pre-release resources booklet, OS key insert, pencil, rubber, ruler, and a calculator.

Analysis of Housing Supply (2018):
- Question $01.1$ asks for the difference between the National Housing Federation (NHF) housing demand figure of $340,000$ homes and the actual new housing supply provided in $2018$ .
- Multiple-choice options provided:
  - A: $100,000$
  - B: $110,000$
  - C: $120,000$
  - D: $130,000$
House Prices and Income (2019):
- Question $01.2$ requires a description of the relationship between average house prices and average household income in England for the year $2019$ .
Urban Regeneration and Brownfield Sites:
- Question $01.3$ asks for suggestions on how brownfield development could contribute to the regeneration of urban areas ( $6$ marks).
Urban Sprawl Impacts:
- Question $01.4$ identifies two ways that urban sprawl can damage the environment ( $2$ marks).
Qualitative Discussion on Housing:
- Question $01.5$ presents the statement: "The housing challenge in England is not just about building more houses."
- Candidates are tasked to use information from Figure 1 to discuss this statement ( $6$ marks).

Geographic Location and OS Map Analysis:
- Relative Direction: Question $02.1$ asks for the direction of the settlement of Paddock Wood from the proposed Tudeley Village development based on the Ordnance Survey (OS) map (Options: East, North, South, West).
- Straight-line Distance: Question $02.2$ asks for the approximate distance between Tonbridge railway station and the proposed Tudeley Village railway station.
  - Options: $2\,km$ , $4\,km$ , $6\,km$ , $8\,km$ .
Physical Geography Assessment:
- Question $02.3$ requires a description of the relief and drainage of the area north of the Tonbridge to Paddock Wood railway line using the OS map ( $4$ marks).
Socio-Economic Attractions:
- Question $02.4$ asks for two reasons why individuals might be attracted to live in Tudeley Village ( $2$ marks).
Sustainability Evaluation:
- Question $03$ (High-value question) asks: "To what extent do you think that the Tudeley Village development will be a sustainable settlement?"
- Marks available: $9$ marks for content plus $3$ marks for SPaG.
- Candidates must use evidence from the resources booklet and their own understanding.

Hypothesis: "The cost of fares is the most important factor in encouraging the use of local bus services."
Sample Size: The student interviewed $50$ people.
Data Table: Rating of Local Bus Service Aspects:
- Cost of fares: Very poor ( $16$ ), Poor ( $21$ ), Reasonable ( $13$ ), Good ( $0$ ), Very good ( $0$ ).
- Availability: Very poor ( $7$ ), Poor ( $25$ ), Reasonable ( $13$ ), Good ( $5$ ), Very good ( $0$ ).
- Punctuality: Very poor ( $16$ ), Poor ( $13$ ), Reasonable ( $17$ ), Good ( $4$ ), Very good ( $0$ ).
- Cleanliness: Very poor ( $0$ ), Poor ( $8$ ), Reasonable ( $29$ ), Good ( $9$ ), Very good ( $4$ ).
Data Table: Factors Encouraging Higher Usage:
- Cheaper fares: $23$ people.
- Increased frequency: $14$ people.
- Shorter journey times: $11$ people.
- Increased parking charges: $2$ people.
Quantitative and Presentation Tasks:
- Question $04.1$ : Calculate the percentage of people who considered cleanliness to be "reasonable."
- Question $04.2$ : Complete a pie chart using the results of Question 2 factors.
- Question $04.3$ : Identify an appropriate alternative data presentation method (Dispersion graph, Divided bar chart, Line graph, or Scattergraph).
- Question $04.4$ : Suggest conclusions the student might reach regarding the original hypothesis ( $2$ marks).

Inquiry Focus: Comparing modern business parks with older industrial estates regarding environmental quality.
Survey of Main Functions:
- Old Industrial Estate: Car repairs/spraying, Metal workshop, Sand/gravel distribution, Oil/coal distribution centre, Wood workshop, Furniture retailer.
- Business Park: Landscaped car parks, Gym, Computer services/repairs, Business finance centre, Design centre, Parcel distribution centre, Business call centre, Secure storage facility.
Environmental Quality Survey Scores (0 to 5 Scale):
- Attractiveness of buildings: Old ( $2$ ); Park ( $4$ ).
- Maintenance of buildings: Old ( $2$ ); Park ( $4$ ).
- Litter/waste: Old ( $2$ ); Park ( $4$ ).
- Vandalism/graffiti: Old ( $3$ ); Park ( $3$ ).
- Water/ground pollution: Old ( $2$ ); Park ( $4$ ).
- Landscaping/planting: Old ( $1$ ); Park ( $5$ ).
Calculations and Analysis:
- Total Score for Old Industrial Estate: $12$ .
- Total Score for Business Park: To be calculated ( $24$ based on the data points provided).
- Mean Score for Old Industrial Estate: $2$ .
- Mean Score for Business Park: To be calculated ( $4$ based on total/ $6$ items).
- Question $04.8$ : Identify an appropriate way to present "Survey of main functions" (Options: Dot map, Flow line map, Land use map, Proportional symbol map).

Hypothesis: "The velocity (speed) of a river increases downstream."
Methodology:
- Three sites (A Upstream, B, C Downstream) used, each $1\,km$ apart.
- A ball was timed over a distance of $10\,m$ .
- Repeated $5$ times per site.
Formula Provided:
- $\text{Average velocity (speed) (metres per second)} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Average time taken}}$
Data Results (Seconds for 10m):
- Site A: $26, 24, 22, 24, 25$
- Site B: $22, 23, 18, 20, 24$
- Site C: $20, 18, 20, 18, 19$
Analysis Tasks:
- Question $04.9$ : Complete a dispersion graph for Site C.
- Question $04.10$ : Suggest one way to improve the data collection method.
- Question $04.11$ : Assess the extent to which the data supports the hypothesis ( $4$ marks).

Human Geography Enquiry:
- Risk Assessment: Outline one reason why a risk assessment was important during planning ( $2$ marks).
- Data Presentation: Justify the use of one specific technique (e.g., graph or map) used in the enquiry ( $3$ marks).
Physical Geography Enquiry:
- Data Collection Effectiveness: Assess the effectiveness of one or more methods used ( $6$ marks).
Overall Evaluation:
- Question $05.4$ : To what extent did the results and conclusions answer the enquiry question or hypothesis? ( $9$ marks plus $3$ SPaG marks).