Chapter 12 - Antebellum Culture and Reform

Joseph Smith

God had once been a man, the church taught, and thus every man or woman could aspire to become- as ________ had become- a saint.

Massachusetts school system

He (Mann) reorganized the ________, lengthened the academic year (to six months), doubled teachers salaries (although he did nothing to eliminate the large disparities between the salaries of male and female teachers), enriched the curriculum, and introduced new methods of professional training for teachers.

Seneca Falls

Women in 1848, organized a convention in ________, New York, to discuss the question of womens rights.

Evangelical Protestantism

________ added major strength to one of the most influential reform movements of the era: the crusade against drunkenness.

religious rituals

Mormon ________ even included a process by which men and women went through baptism ceremonies in the name of deceased ancestors; as a result, they believed, they would be reunited with those ancestors in heaven.

Quakerism

________ had long embraced the ideal of sexual equality and had tolerated, indeed encouraged, the emergence of women as preachers and community leaders.

gender roles

The Shakers, even more than the Oneidans, made a redefi- nition of traditional sexuality and ________ central to their society.

Revivalism

________ became not only a means of personal salvation but also a mandate for the reform (and control) of their society.

1830s

Women in the ________ and 1840s faced not only all the traditional restrictions imposed on members of their sex by society, but also a new set of barriers that had emerged from the doctrine of "separate spheres "and the transformation of the family.

revival of faith

A(n) ________ need not depend on a miracle from God; it could be created by individual effort.

asylum movement

The "________ was not, however, restricted to criminals and people otherwise considered "unfit ..

Cholera

________ is a severe bacterial infection of the intestines, usually a result of consuming contaminated food or water.

Transcendentalist philosophy

________ emerged first among a small group of intellectuals centered in Concord, Massachusetts.

upstate New York

Mormonism began in ________ as a result of the efforts of Joseph Smith, a young, energetic, but economically unsuccessful man, who had spent most of his twenty- four years moving restlessly through New England and the Northeast.