Natural gas
________**: Associated with petroleum deposits, consists mostly of methane, but it also contains significant amounts of ethane, propane, and butane.
Hesss Law
Hints for using ________: Work backward from the required reaction, using the reactants and products to decide how to manipulate the other given reactions at your disposal.
variable composition
Coal has ________ depending on both its age and location.
constant pressure
At ________, exothermic means ▵H is negative; endothermic means ▵H is positive.
Syngas
________ can be used directly as a fuel and as a raw material to produce other fuels.
Attractive
________ and repulsive forces also lead to potential energy.
Constant pressure calorimetry
________ is used in determining the changes in enthalpy for reactions occurring in solutions.
Coal
________ was formed from the remains of plants that were buried and subjected to high pressure and heat over long periods of time.
Multiply reactions
________ to give the correct numbers of reactants and products.
▵H
________= q only at constant pressure.
state function
Enthalpy is a(n) ________, so we can invoke Hesss law and choose any convenient pathway from reactants to products and then sum the enthalpy changes along the chosen pathway.
Specific heat capacity
________**: The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Thermodynamic quantities
________ always consist of two parts: a number, giving the magnitude of the change, and the sign, indicating the direction of flow.
Coal slurries
________ might replace solid coal and residual oil as fuels for electricity- generating power plants.
ideal gas
For a(n) ________, work can occur only when its volume changes.
▵H
________ is not dependent on the reaction side.
state function
Enthalpy is a(n) ________.