Chapter 11 - Cells and Batteries

Sacrificial anode

________**: easily destroyed layer that is meant to be corrosive to protect another metal from corroding.

Michael Faraday

________ (1791- 1867): connected concepts of stoichiometry and electrochemistry.

Faradays Law

________: states that the amount of a substance produced or consumed in an electrolysis reaction is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity that flows through the circuit.

Electrolytic cell

________:** device that converts electrical energy to chemical energy.

Extraction

________**: the process by which metals are obtained from an ore.

Electrochemistry

________:** a study of the processes involved in converting chemical energy to electrical energy, vice versa Electric current: the flow of electrons in a circuitredox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one reactant to another.

Oxygen

________ is a common oxidizing agent.

Chlor alkali process

________:** brine (NaCl) is electrolyzed in a cell.

metal

Electroplating**: process in which a(n) ________ is deposited, or plated, onto a cathode in an electrolytic cell.

Battery

________: a set of galvanic cells connected in series.

coulombs

Charge (in ________)= current (in amperes) x time (in seconds)

Electrical

________ current:* the flow of electrons through an external circuit.

spontaneous redox reaction of materials

Corrosion**: ________ with substances in their environment.

negative electrode

The ________ of one cell is connected to the positive electrode of the next cell in the set.

iron

Galvanizing:** a process in which ________ is covered with a protective layer of zinc.

Oxidation

________ potential**: half- cell potential for a(n) ________ half- reaction.

reactive metal

Cathodic protection:** another method of preventing rusting, a more ________ is attached to the iron object.

Overvoltage

________**: excess voltage required above the calculated value.

Zinc

________ acts as a protective layer.

Fuel cell

________:** battery that produces electricity while reactants are supplied continuously from an external source.

quantity of electricity

One coulomb is the ________ that flows through a circuit in one second if the current is one ampere.

Primary battery

________: disposable batteries that run out of reactant.