CHN 2

Community Health Nursing

__________ is defined as a specialized field of nursing practice that renders care to individuals, families, and communities; focusing on health promotion and disease prevention through people empowerment.

Janet Heinrich and Ruth Freeman

They define Community Health Nursing as "an area of human services directed toward developing and enhancing the health capabilities of people either singly, as individuals, or collectively, as groups and communities.”

Mengitsu

He stated “Community Health Nursing is the synthesis of nursing and public health practice applied to promote and protect the health of the population. It combines all the basic elements of professional, clinical nursing with public health and community practice."

health care provider, manager-leader, and researcher

The Philippine Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing (NNCCS, 2012) expects beginning professional nurses to be able to perform three roles; that of ____________________. But a community and public health nurse takes on additional roles, owing to the realities of changing times and age.

School nurses

_________ were once responsible only for running first-aid stations and monitoring immunization compliance

occupational health nurses

_______________ are no longer required to simply maintain an office or dispensary

Philippine National Red Cross

Non-government organizations such as the ____________, employ public health nurses for their organizational ability and health-related skills.

Public Health Intervention Model

The ____________ was initially proposed in the late 1990s by nurses from the Minnesota Department of Health in the USA to describe the breadth and scope of public health nursing practice (Keller et al., 1998). It identifies 17 _____________

community, systems, and individual/family

Three levels of practice from public health intervention wheel

Public health nursing

The primary goals of _________ are population health promotion and protection via community-based care and health education. By promoting the interests of vulnerable populations and carrying out health initiatives, public health nurses aim to prevent illness and address socioeconomic determinants of health. They frequently work in conjunction with different groups to enhance the general well-being of the community.

Maternal Care
Immunization supplements
Vaccinations for newborns
Covid-19 responses

Public Health Services

Occupational health nursing

________________ is a field within the nursing discipline that involves developing business health and safety programs or observing workers who have been injured on-the-job.

School health nursing

The provision of health services by qualified professionals in a school setting to support students in maintaining their physical, emotional, and social well-being.

DepEd Order No. 43, 2011

Integration of School Health Nursing Program (SHNP)

With the annual and medium-term development plants of the regions/division and with social improvement plans, ensuring administrative and financial support.

Green and Kreuter

define health promotion as “any combination of health education and related organizational, economic, and environmental support for behavior of individuals, groups, or communities conducive to health”.

Parse

states that health promotion is that which is motivated by the desire to increase well-being and to reach the best possible health potential.

primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention

McEwen (2019) identified three levels of prevention commonly described in nursing practice: ________________________________

Primary prevention

Can be defined as an action taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes the possibility that a disease will ever occur.

Secondary prevention

________ is implemented after a problem has begun but before signs and symptoms appear, and targets these populations that have risk factors.

Tertiary prevention

Targets populations that have experienced disease or injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehabilitation.

Epidemiology

is defined as "the study of the to risk of illness distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and application of this study to the prevention and control health problems”

Communicable diseases

are spread from one person to another through a variety of ways; such as, physical contify with an infected person, contaminated food or water, bites from insects or animals capable of transmitting the disease, and breathing in an airborne virus.

Non-communicable diseases

are chronic diseases which are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. The main types are cardiovascular disease (heart attacks and stroke).

Sporadic

refers to a disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly

hyperendemic

refers to persistent, high levels of disease occurrence.

Endemic

refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.

epidemic

refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area

epidemic

carries the same definition of epidemic, but is often used for a more limited geographic area.

Cluster

refers to an aggregation of cases grouped in place and time that are suspected to be greater than the number expected, even though the expected number may not be known.

Pandemic

refers to an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people.

Public health nursing

It is the art and science of prolonging life, promoting health and preventing disease through organization of community efforts.

Expanded Program on Immunization

The _____________ was established to ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

BCG

Six vaccine-preventable diseases were initially included in the EPI: tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and measles. Vaccines under the EPI are ___ birth dose, Hepatitis B birth dose, Oral Poliovirus Vaccine, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, Pentavalent Vaccine, MMR Vaccines (Antimeasles Vaccine, Measles, Mumps, Rubella), and Tetanus Toxoid.

Family Planning

A health intervention program and an important tool for the improvement of the health and welfare of mothers, children and other members of the family.

National Integrated Cancer Control Program

The enactment of the NICCP in 2019 marked a significant milestone, improving access to cancer centers, providing financial support, and establishing a multi-sectoral council for policy-making, planning, and coordination in cancer prevention and control.

Health

The Oxford English Dictionary defines ____ as "the state of being free from sickness, injury, disease, or any bodily conditions; something that indicates good physical condition.”

Physical
Social
Intellectual
Emotional
Spiritual
Environmental

6 dimensions of health

community health nursing

The primary goal of _________ is to help a community protect and preserve the health of its members, while the secondary goal is to promote self-care among individuals and families.

Community

a group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary place where people under usual conditions are found. Derived from a latin word “comunicas” which means a group of people.

Maglaya

“The utilisation of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele-individuals, families, population groups and communities, concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability and rehabilitation.”

Nisce

CHN means “To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximise their potential for high-level wellness” as stated by

Public Health

_______ is directed towards assisting every citizen to realize his birth rights and longevity

Vision

The Department Of Health (DOH) envisions Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, Asia by 2040.

By 2022: The goal was for Filipinos to be among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia. This means improving overall health outcomes, reducing the prevalence of diseases, and enhancing the quality of healthcare services.

By 2040: The vision extends to making Filipinos among the healthiest in all of Asia. This involves long-term strategies to sustain and further improve health standards, focusing on preventive care, advanced medical treatments, and robust healthcare infrastructure.

Mission

The Department of Health (DOH) shall lead the country in the development of a People-centered, Resilient and Equitable health system.

Core Values

The Department of Health (DOH) shall embody at all times integrity, excellence, and compassion in carrying out its tasks and responsibilities

Healthcare Delivery System

Totality of all policies, facilities, equipment, products, human resources and services which address the health needs, problems and concerns of the people

Universal Health Coverage (UHC)

___ means that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. It includes the full spectrum of essential, quality health services, from health promotion to prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care.

Health Financing
Health Regulation
Health Service Delivery
Good Governance

HRSA implementation: FOURmula ONE for health

17

How many are the Sustainable Development Goals?

• family health services

• control of communicable diseases

• control of non-communicable diseases

• environmental health and sanitation

Public Health Programs of the DOH