________ provides â…“ of total energy produced in a typical nuclear power plant.
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Moderator
________- reduces the speed of fast neutrons, allowing a sustainable chain reaction.
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Coolant
________- Removes heat and produces steam to generate electricity.
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Anaerobic digestion
________ is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material, in the absence of oxygen, to produce methane gas which can be burned to produce energy.
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Automobiles
________ that are propelled by only an electric motor and by using electrical energy stored in batteries.
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Biological material
________ derived from living, or recently living organisms that can be burned to create steam that is used to generate electricity.
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radiant energy
Consists of collecting and harnessing ________ from the sun to provide heat and /or electricity.
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Asia
________ is the fastest growing region in the world for installation of PV systems.
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Control Rods
________- Move in and out of the core to absorb neutrons.
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Phantom Loads
________- Refers to the energy that an appliance or an electric device consumes when it is not actually turned on.
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hydraulic fracturing
With ________, chemicals are mixed with large quantities of water and sand and injected into wells at an extremely high pressure to create fractures in a rock that allow oil and natural gas to escape and flow out of the well.
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Hydroelectric Power
Dams are built to trap water, which in turn is then released and channeled through turbines that generate electricity.
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Nuclear Fusion
Can occur when extremely high temperatures are used to force nuclei of isotopes of lightweight atoms to fuse together, which causes large amounts of energy to be released.
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23 million
There are about ________ vehicles worldwide that use CNG as their fuel.
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Oil
________ took over in the mid 20th century, when natural gas usage rose quickly.
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BTU
________- Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 fahrenheit.
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Core
________- Contains up to 50000 fuel rods.
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Horsepower
________- 1 ________ is 746 watts of power.
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primary mode of transportation
In the US, private cars are the ________.
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Coal
________ and oil were the primary sources of energy from the late 19th century to the early 21st century.
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Nuclear
________- Stored in the nuclei of atoms.
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Hybrid Electric Vehicles
________ (HEV)- Able to run on rechargeable batteries or gasoline power.
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hydrogen fuel cells
The ________ operate similar to a battery.
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Turbines
________ can be ground in clusters called wind farms.
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oil shale
If the ________ is heated in the absence of air, the kerogen converts to oil.
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Wood
________ was the primary source of energy until the mid to late 1800s.
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Vehicles
Plug in ________ (PEV)- run on rechargeable batteries and have a finite distance they can travel.
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Tidal Energy
The natural movement of tides and waves spins turbines that generate electricity.
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synthetic fuel
A(n) ________ is any fuel produced from coal, natural gas, or biomass through chemical conversion.
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Transportation needs
________ are a major factor for petroleum consumption in the US.
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Photovoltaic systems
________ are gaining momentum on a worldwide scale.
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Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards
The ________ are regulations in the US that are designed to improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks produced for sale in the US.
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decomposition of deeply
Produced by the ________ buried organic material under high temperature and pressure for millions of years.
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Kilowatt hour
________- unit of energy equal to 1000 watt hours or 3.6 mega joules.
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Energy crisis
________ can be brought on by a failure of world markets to adjust prices in response to shortages.
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current energy
In the US, most of the ________ demand comes from nonrenewable energy sources.
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Thermal Energy Heat
________ is the internal energy in substances.
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Energy
________ can not be created or destroyed.
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Coal
________ became dominant in the late 19th century.
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Energy
________ can not be recycled to a higher quality.
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Power
________ is the amount of work done per time
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Kilowatt
1000 watts
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megawatt
1 million watts
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First Law
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
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Second Law
When energy is converted from one form to another, a less useful form results. Energy cannot be recycled to a higher quality.
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Nonrenewable Energy Resources
A resource of economic value that cannot be replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption.
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Lignite
Lowest heat content
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Bituminous
________ - High sulfur content, 50% of the US coal reserve.
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Anthracite
________ - High heat content, low sulfur content.
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Nuclear Fission
Process where an atom splits into two or smaller nuclei along with by-product particles - produces heat that can either produce steam to power generators, or cause a meltdown.
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Core
_______Â - Contains up to 50000 fuel rods. Each fuel rod is stacked with many fuel pellets, each pellet has the energy equivalent of 1 ton of coal.
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Biomass
Biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms that can be burned to create steam that is used to generate electricity.
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Biofuel
Fuel that is produced from living organisms.
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Geothermal
Steam contained underground that can be used to drive turbines to generate electricity.
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Solar Energy
Consists of collecting and harnessing radiant energy from the sun to provide heat and/or electricity.
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Wind Energy
Turbine blades used to power generators that produce electricity.
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Energy Star
_________ is a joint program of the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Energy. It is designed to protect the environment through energy-efficient products and practices.