Chapter 1 - Classifying Organic Compounds

R

________ is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon, and R′ is a hydrocarbon*

Prefix

________: indicates name and location of each branch and functional group on the main carbon chain.

Simple amides

________ are solid at room temperature.

natural gas

Of organic compounds: ________, rubbing alcohol, aspirin, compounds that give fragrance to rose.

Ketone

________:** organic compound that has double- bonded oxygen on any carbon within the carbon chain; RCOR.

RCOOR

Ester:** general formula for an ester is ________.

OH

________ (hydroxyl) group: a functional group that contains ________**

Amide

________:** carbon atom double- bonded to an oxygen atom and single- bonded to a nitrogen atom.

organic compound

Ether: ________ that has two alkyl groups joined by an oxygen atom; R- O- RAlkoxy group: alkyl singularly bonded to oxygen Less polar than water and alcoholUsually soluble in water but decreases as the alkyl group increasesLower boiling point than water**

Root

________: number of carbon atoms in the main chain or ring.

Suffix

________: type of compound according to functional groups present.

Organic chemistry

________**: the study of compounds based on carbon.

C

________- N and N- H bonds make it polar, acts like carboxylic acids.

equal bond dipoles

If ________ act in opposite directions in three- dimensional space, they counteract each other.

Carboxylic acid

________:** carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl group- (OH) by a single bond.

Ester

________ is a derivative of carboxylic acid*

Functional Group

________:** a reactive group of bonded atoms that appears in all the members of a chemical family.

Hydrogen bonding

________:** strong intermolecular attraction between the hydrogen atom with an N, O, F atom.

Benzene

________ is the simplest aromatic compound.

covalent bonds

It forms four ________ and connects to four other atoms.

Alkyl group

________**: removing one hydrogen from an alkane; branches attached to the main chan, common Alkyl groups:

R

________ 'and ________ are used for more than one alkyl group.

organic compound

Alcohol**: a(n) ________ that contains the- OH functional group.

organic compound

Aldehyde:** ________ that has double- bonded oxygen on the last carbon of a carbon chain; R- CHO.