Chapter 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Noncharophyte algae

________, on the other hand, contain linear sets of proteins that produce cellulose.

diploid stage

The ________ of the life cycle, the sporophytes, emerges from archegonia and is connected to and dependent on the gametophytes for sustenance.

Rhizoids

________ serve as a means of anchoring gametophytes to the substrate on which they develop. Antheridia req produces flagellated sperm.

Plants

________ and some charophytes have unique cell division features.

multicellular dependent

Cuticles, stomata, and ________ embryos are derived characteristics that separate plants from charophytes, their closest algae cousins.

phragmoplast

A(n) ________, for example, is a collection of microtubules that develops between the daughter nuclei of a dividing cell.

photosynthetic autotrophs

Plants, for example, are multicellular, eukaryotic, ________, as are brown, red, and certain green algae.

lycophytes

The ________ (phylum Lycophyta: club mosses, spikemosses, and quillworts) and monilophytes (phylum Monilophyta: ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns and relatives) are seedless vascular plants.

Green algae

________ gave rise to plants.

Lycophytes' ancient lineages

________ comprised both tiny herbaceous plants and huge trees.

Charophytes

________ may withstand periodic drying at the borders of ponds and lakes thanks to a protective layer of sporopollenin and other characteristics.

biochemical characteristics

Certain types of charophytes are the closest living relatives of plants, based on morphological and ________, as well as similarities in nuclear and chloroplast genes.

Plant

________ and charophyte cells feature unique circular rings of proteins inserted in the plasma membrane (small picture)

Lycophytes

________ are tiny herbaceous plants that exist today.