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etiolation response
The ________ is one example of how intricate interactions between external and internal signals tailor a plant's morphology and physiology to its surroundings.
hypersensitive reaction
The ________ isolates an infection and kills both pathogen and host cells in the area.
Thigmotropism
________ is a touch- induced growth response.
Plants
________ generate unpleasant or poisonous compounds, as well as attractants that draw herbivore- killing animals, in addition to physical defenses such as thorns and trichomes.
Photoreceptors
________ that respond to blue light regulate hypocotyl elongation, stomatal opening, and phototropism.
synthesis of chlorophyll
They are black, with enlarged leaves and short, strong stalks, but are not green because the final stage in the ________ necessitates direct exposure to light.
Signals
________ are recognized initially by receptors, which are proteins that change form in response to a specific stimulus.
Pathways
________ for signal transduction connect signal receipt to the response.
Electrical impulses
________ are transmitted during rapid leaf motions.
de etiolation
The kind of phytochrome that works in ________ is found in the cytoplasm, as opposed to most receptors, which are built into the plasma membrane.
cellular reactions
The signal is sent, resulting in ________.
resistance
Systemic acquired ________ is a broad- based defensive response in organs far from the source of infection.
broad range of stimuli
Other than light, plants respond to a(n) ________.
Dodder plants
________ receive particular environmental cues and respond to them in ways that improve survival and reproductive success, although dodder is not exceptional in this sense.
Hormones
________ regulate plant growth and development by influencing cell division, elongation, and differentiation.
short day plants
To blossom, ________ require a night that is longer than a crucial duration.
intrinsic circadian clock
A(n) ________ regulates several daily cycles in plant activity.
Positive gravitropism
________ is observed in the roots, whereas negative gravitropism is observed in the stems.
Plants
________ are vulnerable to environmental stressors such as drought, floods, excessive salt, and temperature extremes.
Plants
________ respond to diseases and herbivore assaults.
