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Weather
The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.
Weather Lore
the folklore related to the prediction of the weather
Atmosphere
The air that extends above the earths surface
Lithosphere
All of earths land masses
Hydrosphere
All of the water on or near Earth's surface
Biosphere
All areas that are inhabited by and support life
Earths Energy Budget
maintains an energy balance and a temperature balance by radiating as much energy into space as it absorbs from the sun
Albedo
How much energy a surface reflects
Specific Heat Capacity
How quickly an object absorbs and releases heat
Heat Sink
A substance that can absorb and retain energy without changing state
Radiation
The transfer of energy by the means of waves. Does not require a medium and how the suns energy reachs earth
Conduction
The transfer of energy through the collision of particles. causes particles to vibrate faster collide more... Object heats up
Convection
The vertical transfer of energy in a fluid. Particles gain energy, spread out, as density lowers, it rises, it then cools, density increases, falls a current is made
Advection
The horizontal transfer of energy in a fluid
Condensation
The change from gas into liquid
Evaporation
The change of a substance in a liquid changing to a gas
Melting
The change from a solid to a liquid
Solidification
The change from a liquid or a gas to a solid
Sublimation
The change directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase
Latent Heat of Fusion
The heat required to change substance from a solid to a liquid or vice versa
Vaporization
The heat required to change a substance from a liquid to a gas or vice versa
atmospheric pressure
The pressure exerted by air on its surroundings due to the weight of the air
High pressure system
A region where air is descending and exerting more pressure on the region below
Low pressure system
A region where rising air is leaving less dense air below
air mass
very large mass of air with nearly uniform properties of temperature humidity and pressure
prevailing winds
The usual direction from which a wind blow
maritime polar air mass
Cold and humid
Continental polar air mass
Cold and Dry
Maritime tropical air mass
Warm and Humid
Continental tropical air mass
Warm and Dry
Wind
The horizontal movement of air
Coriolis effect
A change in the direction of moving air water or any object on earth due to the earths rotation
mid latitude westerlies
occur between 30° and 60° latitude and travel from west to east and towards the poles.
North east trade winds
blows from easterly direction, located north of the equator
South East Tradewinds
blows from easterly direction, located south of the equator
Jetstream
A narrow band of fast moving air
equatorial convection current
convection currents that originates at the equator or a result of the warming of air
mid latitude convection currents
convection currents that originate at 30° and 60°
water cycle
shows the flow of water and energy on, in, and around the earth
Front
A zone that develops as a result of the meeting of two Air masses with different characteristics
Cold front
when cold, dense air displaces warm air, it forces the warm air, which is less dense up along a steep slope
warm front
advancing warm air displaces cold air along a warm front, which develops a gradual boundary slope
occluded front
Sometimes a cold air mass moves so fast that it overtakes a warm front forcing the warm air up. As the warm air is lifted, the advance and cold air mass collided with the cold air mass in front of the warm front. (occluded means obstructed)
stationary front
when 2 air masses meet but neither advances, the boundary between them stalls. The resulting stationary front often occurs between two modified air masses with small temperature and pressure differences. The air masses can continue moving parallel to the front.
Temperature
qualitatively; the cool Ness or warmth of something.
quantitatively; the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance
Precipitation
any liquid or solid form of water that falls to earth from the atmosphere including snow, rain and hail
Humidity
The amount of water vapour in the air
Sky cover
The portion of the sky that is covered by clouds
Wind speed and direction
how quickly the air is moving and what direction it is coming from
Gulf stream
Brings warm, moist air to the coast of the NL.
Labrador Current
An ocean surface current that brings cold water from the Arctic south along the coast of the province.
Global warming
A gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere.
greenhouse effect
when the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap/absorb heat from the sun which heats up the atmosphere
Greenhouse gases
Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere which are involved in the greenhouse effect.
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