Chapter 43 - The Immune System

Antibodies aid

________ in the elimination of antigens in the humoral immune response by increasing phagocytosis and complement- mediated lysis.

Antibody transfer

________ in passive immunity gives rapid, short- term protection.

Histamine

________ and other substances produced at the location of the injury increase c in the inflammatory response.

AIDS

________ is a viral infection that causes acquired immunodeficiency.

Adaptive immunity

________ protects the body against infection of bodily fluids and cells.

Pathogens

________ such as bacteria and fungi are presented in the attached image, which has an overview of animal immunity.

interaction of antibodies

The ________ and allergens in allergies, such as hay fever, causes immune cells to produce histamine and other mediators that induce vascular alterations and allergic symptoms.

Pathogen specific identification

________ is provided by receptors in adaptive immunity.

pathogen

When a(n) ________ infects a person, B and T lymphocytes that are specific for the ________ become activated.

Autoimmune illnesses

________, such as multiple sclerosis, can develop as a result of a loss of self- tolerance.

HIV infection kills

________ helper T cells, making the patient susceptible to infection.

immune responses

Some viruses can defy ________ by antigenic variety, latency, and direct attack on the immune system.

Inborn immunodeficiencies

________ are caused by abnormalities in innate, humoral, or cell- mediated responses.

Innate immunity

________ offers a primary defense in all animals and sets the stage for adaptive immunity in vertebrates.

Active immunity

________ develops as a result of infection or vaccination.

Immune system dysfunction

________ can cause or exacerbate illness.

Adaptive immunity

________ is based on two types of lymphocytes that develop from bone marrow stem cells: B cells and T cells.

Pathogens

________ are also inhibited by complement system proteins, interferons, and other antimicrobial peptides.