Chapter 1: The First Civilizations

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Egypts

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45 Terms

1

Egypts

________ material and human resources were transformed and focused due to building and equipping the pyramids.

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2

Urban life

________ redefined the role and status of women who had had roughly the same roles and status as men in the Neolithic period.

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3

Israel

________ was a loosely organized confederation of tribes during its first centuries.

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4

Trade networks

________ were extended into Syria, the Arabian Peninsula, and India for metal and stone.

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5

Religion

________ was the heart of royal power and the the only limiting force.

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6

Tablets

________ were later used to preserve contracts, maintain administrative records, and record significant events, prayers, myths, and proverbs.

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7

Law Code

The ________ held veterinarians, architects, physicians, and boat builders to the standards of professional behavior.

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8

Yahweh

________ was understood to not be just one god among many but the one universal God, creator, and ruler of the universe.

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9

greater centralization

Writing allowed for those who mastered it to achieve ________ and control of the government.

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10

Population growth

________ put pressure on the local food supply.

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11

Peresians

________ allowed people of Judah to return to their homeland and rebuild their temple.

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12

Assyrian

________ plain north of Babyloniah ad been the site of a small Mesopotamian state threatened by semi- nomads and great powers like the Babyylonains and later the Hittites.

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13

Mesopotamians

________ believed that the role of mortals was to serve the gods and feed them through sacrifice.

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14

agricultural prices

Dowries, contracts, ________, wages commercy, money lending, and professional standards for physicians and architects.

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15

role of bureaucracy

The ________ was ato administer estates, channel revenues and labor towards vast public works projects, and administer estates.

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16

Persians

________ normally protected local customs, religion, and society.

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17

Abstract

________ and symbolic thought was represented by wall paintings, small clay and stone figurines of women, and decorated stone and bone tools.

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18

private authority

Women exercised ________ over children and servants within the household in the cities.

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19

Akenaten

________ temporarily transformed the aesthetic of Egyptian court life while trying to reestablish royal divinity.

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20

Pictograms

________ developed into a true system of writing.

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21

Sedentarization

________ and the agricultural revolution were fundamental changes in human culture.

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22

Indo European Persians

________ and the Medes settled in Iranian plateau late in the second millennium.

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23

Babylonians

________ modeled their imperial system on that of their predecessors (Assyrians)

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24

Hammurabi

________ expanded his state through arms and diplomacy.

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25

Persian conquers

________ were a lasting power in the Fertile Crescent.

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26

Amenhotep IV

________ was the most controversial ruler of the New Kingdom.

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27

Zoroastriansim

________ was a powerful element in Persian civilization.

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28

Paleolithic people

________ developed speech, religion, and artistic expression.

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29

Ancient Egyptian history

________ is divided into 31 dynasties, regrouped in turn into 4 periods of political centralization.

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30

political frontiers

Expanded ________ meant increased trade and interaction with the rest of the ancient world.

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31

Egyptian women

________ owned property, entered legal contracts, conducted their own business, and brought lawsuits.

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32

Hebrew history

________ recorded Msopotamian traditions as the stories of the flood, legal traditions strongly reminiscent of those of Hammurabi, and the worship of gods in high places.

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33

Tiglath

________- pilser and successors transformed structure of Assyrian state and expanded its empire.

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34

Common Era

Civilization first appeared approximately 3500 years before the ________.

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35

Divine kingship

________ was the cornerstone of Egyptian life.

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36

Hyksos

________ adopted the traditions of Egyptian kingship and continued the tradition of divine rule.

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37

Urban immigration

________ increased the power, wealth, and status of two groups.

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38

Expansion of food supply

________ allowed for development of sedentary communities.

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39

Mesopotamia

Writing served to increase the strength of the king in ________.

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40

Mesopotamian gods

________ had the physical appearance and personalities of humans and human virtues and vices.

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41

Nile Valley

The earliest sedentary communities in ________ appeared on the western margin of the Nile Delta around 4000 B.C.E.

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42

Hyksos kings

________ introduced military technology and organization into Egypt.

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43

Women of ancient Egypt

________ were more independent and more involved in public life when compared with those of Mesopotamia.

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44

Babylonians

________ developed the most sophisticated mathematical system known prior to the 15th century C.E.

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45

Common Era

________: period following the traditional date of the birth of Jesus.

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