29.3 Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum (copy)

Thermal energy

________ can be converted by the electrons when they strike the anode.

single photon

A(n) ________ can cause a nerve impulse in the retina by altering a receptor molecule.

Exposure

________ to ionizing radiation can cause cancer when cell reproduction is disrupted.

Electric discharge

________, nuclear explosion, thermal agitation, and exposure to x rays are some of the processes in which these atoms can be given energy.

X rays

________ are produced when electrons strike the copper anode.

Infantile jaundice

________ can be treated by exposing the baby to the sun's UV rays, called phototherapy, which can help prevent the build up of potentially toxic bilirubin in the blood.

electron shells

The outer ________ in atoms and Molecules are the order of the energies.

Microwaves

________ do not extend to as high frequencies as IR does.

smooth distribution

The ________ is caused by the electrons being decelerated.

significant damage

A single- ray photon can cause ________ to biological tissue, killing cells or damaging their ability to reproduce.

thermal effects of

The ________ visible, IR, and microwave radiation can be produced by any heat source.

electrical potential

The electron is powered by ________ energy.

radiation

Ionizing ________ has positive uses in cancer treatment as well as risks in producing cancer.

Nobel Prize

The 1901 ________ was given to Roentgen for his discovery of x rays.

quantum of radiation

A photon is a(n) ________.

IR

When visible, ________, or microwave radiation is hazardous, the hazard is due to huge numbers of photons acting together.

Short wavelength UV

________ is absorbed by air and must be studied in a vacuum.

x ray photon

The ________ gets the energy of the electron.

high photon energy

Since a collision with a single atom or molecule is unlikely to absorb all the ray's energy, ________ allows rays to penetrate materials.

hot filament

The electrons ejected from a(n) ________ in a vacuum tube can be accelerated through a high voltage.

number of particles

The ________ per second is proof that individual particles are insignificant.

Microwave ovens

________ are an efficient way of putting energy into food because food absorbs microwaves more strongly than other materials.

UV

________ has some of the same effects as rays and x rays.

photon energy

The ________ is larger at high frequencies.

maximum photon energy

The charge of the electron is the ________.

Energy

________ in eV is useful when working with small systems.

solid beam

The light can be viewed as a(n) ________ or individual photons.

IR

________ is strongly absorbed by water because water has many states separated by energies on the order of to well within the ________ and microwave energy ranges.

single photon

The electrons can give all of their energy to a(n) ________.

IR

It is not possible for visible light, ________, microwaves, and all lower frequencies to produce ionising with a single photon.

X rays

________ were used for medical diagnostics within a year of their discovery.

IR

In the ________ range, the skin is almost black with an emissivity near 1 because there are many states in water in the skin that can absorb ________ photon energies.