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Axillary buds
________, which grow in the axils of leaves and stems, give rise to branches.
Vascular plants' basic shape
________ reflects their evolutionary history as terrestrial creatures that live and take nutrients from two quite distinct environments- below and above ground.
ABC theory
The ________ explains how three types of organ identity genes regulate the development of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.
Internal
________ or external stimuli may induce a plant to transition from one developmental stage to another, such as from producing juvenile leaves to developing adult leaves.
Absorption
________ plays an important function in taproot systems.
major influence
The location of a plant cell in the growing plant has a(n) ________ on how it differentiates.
epidermal holes
Stomata, ________ produced by pairs of guard cells, provide for gas exchange and are important water loss pathways.
model system
A(n) ________ for investigating pattern creation is provided by research on organ identity genes in developing flowers.
Roots
________ are virtually never photosynthetic; they die unless they are fed.
Eudicot
________ stems contain ring- shaped vascular bundles, whereas monocot stems have dispersed vascular bundles.
Tracheids
________ and vessel elements, the xylem's water- conducting cells, have thick walls and die as they reach functional maturity.
tissues
Organs, ________, and cells are organized in a hierarchical structure in plants.
plant body
The ________ is created by growth, morphogenesis, and cell differentiation.
organ
A(n) ________ is made up of many types of tissues that work together to perform certain activities.
Sieve tube elements
________ are alive but highly modified cells that lack many internal organelles; they are fungal.
basic unit of life
A cell is the most ________.
Mesophyll cells
________ are photosynthesis- adapted.
Dermal tissue
________ is a continuous layer of cells that covers the plant's surface.
Parenchyma cells
________ are undifferentiated, thin- walled cells with the potential to proliferate; they carry out the majority of the metabolic activities of synthesis and storage.
Sclerenchyma cells sclereids
________ and fibers- have thick, lignified walls that aid in the maintenance of mature, nongrowing plant components.
tissue
A(n) ________ is a collection of cells made up of one or more cell types that work together to fulfill a specific purpose.
root
A(n) ________ is an organ that holds a vascular plant in place in the soil, absorbs minerals and water, and frequently stores carbohydrates and other reserves.
Note 
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