Chemistry

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39 Terms

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atom
smallest part of an element that can be identified as that element
smallest part of an element that can be identified as that element
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element
substance that CANNOT be chemically broken down into simpler substances
substance that CANNOT be chemically broken down into simpler substances
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nucleus
center, or core, of an atom (where the protons and neutrons are located)
center, or core, of an atom (where the protons and neutrons are located)
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proton
particle that has a positive charge - located in the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of protons by looking at the atomic number of an element.
particle that has a positive charge - located in the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of protons by looking at the atomic number of an element.
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neutron
particle that has no charge - located in the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of neutrons by SUBTRACTING the atomic Mass minus the atomic number.
particle that has no charge - located in the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of neutrons by SUBTRACTING the atomic Mass minus the atomic number.
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electron
particle that has a negative charge - located in rings outside the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of electrons by looking at the atomic number of an element.
particle that has a negative charge - located in rings outside the nucleus of an atom. You can figure out the number of electrons by looking at the atomic number of an element.
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atomic number
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. This is the same number as the number of electrons
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. This is the same number as the number of electrons
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atomic mass
total mass of the protons and neutrons in an atom
total mass of the protons and neutrons in an atom
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energy level
place in an electron cloud where an electron is most likely to be found - rings. Remember, 2-8-18-32.
place in an electron cloud where an electron is most likely to be found - rings. Remember, 2-8-18-32.
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metal
element that has the property of shiny luster, ductility, and malleability
element that has the property of shiny luster, ductility, and malleability
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luster
the way a material reflects light
the way a material reflects light
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malleable
able to be hammered into different shapes
able to be hammered into different shapes
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ductile
able to be drawn into thin wires
able to be drawn into thin wires
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nonmetal
element that lacks most of the properties of a metal, is not shiny, does not conduct electricity or heat well, is not malleable so it is called brittle or breakable.
element that lacks most of the properties of a metal, is not shiny, does not conduct electricity or heat well, is not malleable so it is called brittle or breakable.
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halogens
elements that make up Group 17 in the periodic table
elements that make up Group 17 in the periodic table
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noble gases
elements that make up Group 18 in the periodic table
elements that make up Group 18 in the periodic table
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matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
anything that has mass and takes up space
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properties
characteristics used to describe an object
characteristics used to describe an object
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state of matter
any of the four physical forms of matter
any of the four physical forms of matter
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solid
state of matter with a definite shape and volume
state of matter with a definite shape and volume
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liquid
state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape
state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape
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gas
state of matter that has no definite shape or volume
state of matter that has no definite shape or volume
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plasma
state of matter made up of electrically charged particles - needs high temperatures and high pressure
state of matter made up of electrically charged particles - needs high temperatures and high pressure
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chemical formula
way of writing the name of a compound using chemical symbols
way of writing the name of a compound using chemical symbols
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subscript
number written to the lower right of a chemical symbol in a chemical formula
number written to the lower right of a chemical symbol in a chemical formula
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chemical equation
statement in which chemical formulas are used to describe a chemical reaction
statement in which chemical formulas are used to describe a chemical reaction
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coefficient
number that shows how many molecules of a substance are involved in a chemical reaction
number that shows how many molecules of a substance are involved in a chemical reaction
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chemical reaction
process in which new substances with new chemical and physical properties are formed
process in which new substances with new chemical and physical properties are formed
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reactant
substance that is changed in a chemical reaction
substance that is changed in a chemical reaction
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product
substance that is formed in a chemical reaction
substance that is formed in a chemical reaction
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molecule
smallest part of a substance that has all the properties of that substance - more than one element, like hydrogen and oxygen make water
smallest part of a substance that has all the properties of that substance - more than one element, like hydrogen and oxygen make water
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chemical bond
force of attraction that holds atoms together
force of attraction that holds atoms together
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freezing
change from a liquid to a solid
change from a liquid to a solid
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melting
change from a solid to a liquid
change from a solid to a liquid
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evaporation
change from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid
change from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid
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condensation
change from a gas to a liquid
change from a gas to a liquid
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sublimation
change from a solid directly to a gas
change from a solid directly to a gas
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physical change
change that does not produce new substances - melting an ice cube or ripping paper. You can get the ice back and the paper is still paper.
change that does not produce new substances - melting an ice cube or ripping paper. You can get the ice back and the paper is still paper.
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chemical change:
change that produces new substances - burning wood to make ashes or mixing mentos and coke. You can't get the wood or the mentos back.