* **Causes:** Slavery, States' Rights, Economic and Social Differences
* **Major Battles:** Gettysburg, Antietam, Bull Run, Vicksburg
* **Leaders:** Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee
* **Emancipation Proclamation:** Issued by Lincoln in 1863, declared all slaves in Confederate states to be free
* **Outcome:** Union victory, abolition of slavery, reconstruction of the South.