AP Statistics FRQ Room

BMI and Blood Pressure Regression Analysis

A study examines the relationship between body mass index ($$BMI$$) and systolic blood pressure for

Comparative Analysis using Stem Plot and Histogram

Two groups of students took a standardized test. Group A's scores have a five-number summary: minimu

Customer Satisfaction in Two Regions

A popular restaurant chain conducted a customer satisfaction survey in two different regions. The fo

Effect of Price Increase on Customer Participation

A grocery store wanted to see if a recent price increase on a popular product affected customer part

Effectiveness of a New Drug

A clinical trial is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a new drug in improving patient outco

Effects of Adding a Constant on Measures of Spread

Consider the dataset of exam scores: {65, 70, 75, 80, 85}. Answer the following:

First Defective Product: Geometric Distribution

In a factory, each product has a 3% chance of being defective. Products are inspected sequentially u

Impact of an Outlier on Summary Statistics

Consider the data set: {22, 25, 27, 30, 32, 150}, where the value 150 is a potential outlier. Answer

Interpreting a Dot Plot of Daily Coffee Consumption

A dot plot summarizes the number of cups of coffee consumed per day by individuals in a small office

Investigating Class Test Scores

A teacher collected the following test scores from a class: {55, 60, 62, 68, 70, 72, 75, 78, 80, 83,

Job Satisfaction Across Departments

A company administered job satisfaction surveys in two different departments. In Department 1, 120 o

Marketing Campaign Reach by Region

A company tracked responses to a marketing campaign in two regions (Region 1 and Region 2) categoriz

Medication Efficacy in Reducing Blood Pressure

A research team is designing an experiment to evaluate the efficacy of a new preventative medication

Phone App Usage Times

Daily phone app usage is normally distributed with a mean of $$120$$ minutes and a standard deviatio

Political Affiliation and Media Consumption

A study surveyed 300 voters on their political affiliation (Party A, Party B, Independent) and their

Regression Analysis: Height and Shoe Size in Adolescents

A study on adolescents collected data on height (in cm) and shoe size. The least-squares regression

Restaurant Preference and Time Slot

A survey of 200 diners asked about their restaurant choice (Restaurant A or Restaurant B) and the ti

Retail Store Daily Sales Analysis

A retail store recorded its daily sales (in dollars) over a 30-day period. The summarized five-numbe

School Year Length Preference Survey Analysis

A survey of 2000 parents was conducted asking their preference for the number of days in the school

Shipping Delays at a Warehouse

At a large distribution center, shipping delays (in hours) are approximately normally distributed wi

Simulation and Transformation Effects on the Sampling Distribution

A researcher studying bacterial growth rates, which follow an exponential distribution, collects dat

Social Media Campaign Effectiveness on Engagement

A company ran two social media campaigns to test engagement. In Campaign A, 250 out of 600 posts rec

City Bicycle Usage Study

A city bike‐share program collected data on daily high temperatures (in °F) and the total number of

Coffee Shop Drink Preference

A survey at a coffee shop collected responses from 120 customers regarding two categorical variables

Coffee Shop Sales Analysis

A local coffee shop has recorded data on daily advertising expenditure (in dollars) and the correspo

Comparing Effectiveness of Educational Workshops

An educational organization wants to compare the effectiveness of two types of workshops: traditiona

Comparing Two Online Learning Platforms

An education technology firm wants to compare two online learning platforms to determine which one l

Consumer Product Satisfaction

A market research study evaluates consumer satisfaction with two new smartphone models. After using

Customer Return Rates for Two Brands

A market research firm collected data on customer return behavior for two competing clothing brands.

Customer Satisfaction and Purchase Frequency

A retail store surveyed 80 customers and found that the satisfaction rating (on a scale of 1-10) pre

Employee Training Effectiveness

A company evaluated the effectiveness of two training methods by measuring subsequent job performanc

Exercise and Resting Heart Rate

In a health study of 40 adults, researchers examined the relationship between daily exercise duratio

Fitness Tracker: Step Count vs Active Minutes

A fitness tracking app collected data from 50 users on daily step count (in thousands) and active mi

Forest Fire Risk Analysis

In a forested region, each of $$1000$$ acres has an independent probability of $$0.005$$ of burning

Impact of a New Study App on Academic Performance

A technology company has developed a new study application intended to improve academic performance.

Influential Points and Leverage in Salary vs. Experience

A human resources department collected data on 20 employees, recording their years of experience (X)

Limitations of Simple Linear Regression

Discuss the limitations of using a bivariate (simple linear) regression model when other explanatory

Online Learning Preferences

A survey was conducted among 200 students to determine their preferences for online learning. Studen

Relationship between Advertising Spend and Sales

A company examines the effect of advertising spend (in thousands of dollars) on product sales (in th

Reverse Regression: Predicting Hours Worked from Earnings

Consider a regression model for predicting earnings (Y, in thousands of dollars) from hours worked p

Simulating the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean in Bivariate Data

A study collects data on the number of study hours (x) and exam scores (y) for 100 students. Researc

Simulation-Based Investigation of Chi-Square Distribution in Two-Way Tables

A researcher is interested in the chi-square test for independence in a two-way table. To understand

Smartphone Brand Loyalty

A market survey examined customer satisfaction across three smartphone brands (Brand X, Brand Y, and

Social Media Activity and Face-to-Face Interactions

In a survey of 40 individuals, data were collected on the number of social media posts per week (x)

Startup Revenue Growth

A startup's monthly revenue (in thousands of dollars) is approximately normally distributed with a m

Student Preference Survey

A school conducted a survey to determine students' favorite extracurricular clubs, recording two cat

Study Habits and Exam Pass Rates

A researcher compared exam pass rates between two groups of students enrolled in different study pro

Study Time and Test Scores Relationship

A teacher collected data on the number of hours 25 students studied for a final exam and their corre

Temperature and Ice Cream Sales

An ice cream vendor records daily maximum temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) and the number of box

Transformation to Achieve Linearity in Population Growth

The following data show the estimated populations (in thousands) of a city at different years: | Ye

Analyzing a Charity Fundraising Event

A charity event recorded donations categorized by size (Small, Medium, Large) and by donor type (Fir

Bootstrapping the Sampling Distribution of a Mean

A researcher has collected exam scores from 15 students and wishes to estimate the sampling distribu

Comparative Simulation of the Mean and Median Sampling Distributions

A researcher simulates 1000 samples of size $$n = 30$$ from a moderately skewed population and calcu

Data Collection in a Prospective Observational Study

A hospital conducts a prospective study to evaluate recovery times following a specific surgical pro

Designing a Prospective Study for a Drug Trial

A pharmaceutical company is testing a new drug for lowering blood pressure. The study will involve f

Designing a Stratified Sampling Plan for College Demographics

A university wants to estimate the average GPA for all its students. Given that the student populati

Double-Blind Experiment Design for Nausea Reduction

A research team is testing a new wristband designed to reduce postoperative nausea. To eliminate pla

Effect of Noise Levels on Sleep Quality

An environmental study investigates the association between ambient noise level (in decibels, x) and

Efficacy of a Mobile App for Tracking Physical Activity

A study compared the effectiveness of a mobile app in helping users meet their daily step goals. In

Environmental Study on Pollution Levels

A retrospective study examined water quality from 40 rivers in a region, measuring the concentration

Evaluation of Experimental Design and Inference in Consumer Behavior Studies

A market research study investigates the effect of different advertising strategies on consumer purc

Impact of Sample Size on Variability

In a study investigating average daily water consumption, two different sample sizes are used: one s

Investigating Response Time in Emergency Calls

A retrospective study collected data on the response times (in minutes) of emergency services from 6

Investigating Sampling Bias in a Voluntary Response Survey on Social Media Usage

A market research firm conducts an online survey where participants voluntarily respond to questions

Measurement Reliability in Climate Data Collection

A climate study collects rainfall data from multiple sensors distributed across a region. The sensor

Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Researchers are investigating whether increased physical activity is associated with better cognitiv

Physical Activity Levels by Region

A health study surveyed residents in different regions to assess their physical activity levels (cat

Predicting Blood Pressure from Age: Regression and Inference

A health researcher is examining the relationship between the age of adults and their systolic blood

Replication in Experimental Designs: Water Purification Study

Researchers are testing various water purification techniques in an experimental study. Replication

Simulating the Effect of Sample Size on Standard Errors

A study is performed using simulation to assess how sample size affects the standard error of the sa

Simulation of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Variance

A researcher runs a simulation to approximate the sampling distribution of the sample variance from

Urban Green Spaces and Air Quality

An urban planning study is being conducted to determine whether proximity to green spaces is associa

Voting Preference Analysis

A political analyst collected data on voting preferences by age group. The table below shows the num

Weather Patterns and Traffic Accidents

City officials are investigating the relationship between adverse weather conditions and the frequen

Work-from-Home vs. In-Office Job Satisfaction

A human resources study surveyed job satisfaction among employees working from home and those workin

Ad Spend and Market Share Regression Analysis

A market analyst investigates the relationship between advertising spend (in millions of dollars) an

Applying Chebyshev's Inequality in Quality Control

A production process yields items with an average weight of 50 grams and a standard deviation of 5 g

Binomial Process in Quality Testing

A quality control inspector tests a batch of 100 light bulbs. Each bulb has a 10% chance of being de

Casino Free Chips Expected Sum

A casino offers free chips to couples. One person draws a card from Bag X containing the numbers $$\

City Traffic Speed Analysis

The city transportation department collected data on the speeds of vehicles on a major highway. A ra

Coin Flip Game Strategies

In a game show, contestants face two different coin flip challenges. In Challenge A, you win if the

Defective Lightbulbs: A Binomial Distribution Problem

A lightbulb has a $$0.1$$ probability of being defective, and the outcomes are independent. Analyze

Effect of Fertilizer Type on Plant Growth

An agricultural researcher is studying the effects of three different fertilizer types on plant grow

First Purchase on a Website (Geometric Distribution)

On a website, each visitor makes a purchase with probability 0.03, independently of others. Let $$X$

Fuel Efficiency Comparison between Two Vehicle Models

An automotive study compared the fuel efficiency of two car models. Model X was tested on 30 cars, y

Game Show Strategy with Random Variables

In a game show, contestants choose one of five boxes containing different cash prizes. The boxes con

Impact of Social Media Usage on Academic Performance

A study is conducted to examine the relationship between time spent on social media and academic per

Mobile App vs. Printed Pamphlet for Increasing Exercise Duration

A public health organization wants to determine whether a mobile app intervention or a printed pamph

Monthly Supermarket Expenditures

A local supermarket chain wants to estimate the average monthly expenditure of its customers. A rand

Multistage Probability: Computer Viruses

On a university campus, computers run on different operating systems with the following distribution

Online Learning vs. Traditional Classroom Formats

An educational researcher is studying the effectiveness of online learning compared to traditional c

Pharmaceutical Study: Recovery Time Distribution

A pharmaceutical study records recovery times (in days) for a treatment with the following distribut

Public Opinion Survey on Local Issues

A political analyst is conducting a survey to gauge public opinion on various local government polic

Quality Control Binomial Process

A manufacturing process produces items such that each item has a $$5\%$$ chance of being defective.

Restaurant Wait Time Assessment

A restaurant claims that the average wait time for a table is 15 minutes. However, a study of 25 tab

Retail Customer Purchases: Random Variable Analysis

A survey at a retail store reveals that the number of items purchased per visit follows this distrib

Sampling Distribution from a Triangular Population

A simulation is performed where samples are drawn from a triangular distribution defined on the inte

Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean from a Normal Population

A simulation experiment draws repeated random samples from a normally distributed population with $$

Smartphone Usage and Sleep Quality Regression Analysis

A study investigates whether the number of hours spent on a smartphone before bedtime affects sleep

Survey Response Binomial Analysis

In a survey of $$50$$ respondents, each respondent has a $$0.65$$ probability of giving a positive r

Testing Customer Satisfaction Claims

A coffee shop claims that 80% of its customers are satisfied. To test this claim, a random sample of

Tip Amounts from Different Meal Services

At a restaurant, a waiter receives tips from two independent services. For lunch, the tip is modeled

Transforming Payouts in a Carnival Game

A carnival game pays out according to a random variable $$X$$ with outcomes: $10 (p = 0.4), $20 (p =

Understanding the Central Limit Theorem through Simulation

A simulation is performed where samples are drawn from various non-normal populations (for example,

Advanced Experimental Design in Teaching Methods

A researcher is investigating the effectiveness of two teaching methods by comparing student test sc

Battery Life Analysis Using Normal Distribution

A battery manufacturer claims that the lifespan of its batteries is normally distributed with mean $

Battery Lifespan Analysis

A company produces batteries whose lifespans (in hours) are normally distributed with $$\mu = 500$$

Biased and Unbiased Estimators in Quality Control

A company uses three estimators (A, B, C) to estimate the average weight of its packaged product. Th

Coffee Consumption and Alertness

A study investigates whether coffee consumption is related to alertness. Two independent samples wer

Comparing Average Temperatures in Two Cities

City A has an average temperature of 70°F with a standard deviation of 5°F based on a sample of 50 d

Comparing Drug Efficacy Using Sample Proportions

A clinical trial is conducted to compare the efficacy of a new drug versus a placebo. It is estimate

Comparing Teaching Methods

A study compares the effectiveness of two teaching methods. For classes using Method A, test scores

Critical Values for Beverage Fill Weights

A beverage company claims that its bottles contain 1 liter of liquid on average with a standard devi

Differences in Daily Step Count due to Wellness Program

A company introduced a wellness program and wants to assess its impact on daily step counts among it

Dream Recall Simulation Study

A study on dream recall in college students found that the median number of dreams remembered per ni

Effect of Outliers on Sampling Distributions

A data set of 50 observations is known to have a mean of $$100$$ and a standard deviation of $$15$$.

Effect of Restaurant Remodel on Customer Behavior

A fast-food restaurant tested whether remodeling their premises had an effect on how much food custo

Effect of Sample Size on Variability of Estimator

A researcher collects repeated samples from a population with a known mean of $$\mu = 100$$ and stan

Energy Drink Caffeine Analysis

An energy drink contains on average $$200$$ mg of caffeine with a standard deviation of $$10$$ mg. A

Evaluating Bias in Strength Estimation

A manufacturing process for components uses a new estimator to measure average component strength. A

Favorite Ice Cream Flavor Survey – Sampling Proportions

In a survey on ice cream preferences, past research indicates that approximately 40% of respondents

Financial Returns: Biased vs. Unbiased Estimators

Investment analysts use two estimators to predict the expected return of a financial asset. Estimato

Hospital Emergency Room Waiting Times

The waiting times (in minutes) for patients in a busy hospital emergency room are approximately norm

Quality Control in Baseball Production

A sports manufacturing company uses five different estimators (A, B, C, D, and E) to estimate the we

Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions in a Survey

A survey indicates that 65% of viewers prefer streaming TV over cable. A random sample of 150 viewer

Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions: Political Polling

In a political opinion poll, it is estimated that 55% of voters support a certain policy. A random s

Simulated Daily Sales Distribution

A retail store simulated its daily sales over several months. The resulting sampling distribution of

Simulation of Sampling Distributions for Medians

A recent survey of high school students examined the number of hours studied per week. Although the

Using TI-84 for Z-Score Calculations in Sampling Distributions

A study on academic performance finds that student test scores are normally distributed with a mean

Air Quality Health Survey Design

A public health department is conducting a survey to estimate the proportion of residents suffering

Clinical Trial for Drug Efficacy

A clinical trial is designed to compare two drug treatments for a chronic condition. Patients are ra

Coffee Shop Loyalty

A coffee shop chain is investigating customer loyalty. A survey at the downtown branch (Group A) sam

Comparative Analysis of Two Healthcare Clinics

Two healthcare clinics are comparing the success rate of a new treatment. At Clinic 1, 80 out of 100

Comparing Proportions in Education Methods

A study compares pass rates for students taught by two different methods. For Method A, 96 out of 12

Confidence Interval for Difference in Proportions: Homeowners vs. Renters on Energy Efficiency

A survey was conducted to compare the preference for energy efficiency improvements between homeowne

Confidence Interval for Social Media Users

A survey was conducted on 800 individuals to assess daily social media usage. Out of 800 respondents

Customer Loyalty Program Impact Study

A retail company introduces a new loyalty program and compares the proportion of customers making re

Customer Satisfaction Survey

A company has collected customer satisfaction data from two sources. In-store customers (Group A) we

Epidemiology Study: Difference in Disease Incidence

An epidemiological study examines disease incidence in two groups. In the exposed group (n = 400), t

Estimating Social Media Usage Proportions

A research study surveyed 750 social media users to estimate the proportion who use a specific app d

Evaluating Errors in Proportion Tests for New Drug Effectiveness

In a clinical trial evaluating a new drug, the null hypothesis is that the drug has no effect on the

Evaluating Public Support for a Tax

A poll was conducted to measure public support for a proposed tax. In the first survey, 1000 voters

Hypothesis Testing for Brand Satisfaction

A company claims that 85% of its consumers are satisfied with its product. A random survey of 200 cu

Impact of a New Regulation

A government regulation is expected to reduce non-compliance among companies. In a survey conducted

Impact of Training Program on Certification Rates

A company implemented a training program to improve certification rates among its employees. In a ra

Job Satisfaction by Shift Work

A hospital survey examined job satisfaction among nurses working on the Day Shift and the Night Shif

Marketing Campaign Response Rate Test

A marketing team asserts that their campaign increases customer engagement, expecting a response rat

Online Education Satisfaction

A study comparing satisfaction with education methods surveyed two groups. One group of online stude

Online Shopping Behavior

A survey of customers on an e-commerce website evaluated purchasing behavior across two age groups:

Online Shopping Fraud Claims

An online survey compares the percentage of consumers who reported experiencing fraudulent transacti

Political Opinion Poll Analysis

A political poll was conducted to assess support for a proposed tax bill. In a simple random sample

Political Polling: Candidate Approval

Two independent polls were conducted to assess approval ratings for a political candidate. Poll 1, s

Product Return Rates by Category

A retail store analyzed product return rates for different categories. Products are classified into

Public Health: Smoking Rates by Region

A public health researcher wants to compare smoking rates between two regions. In Region 1, a survey

Reading Program Impact Study

A school district is testing a new reading program designed to improve students' reading proficiency

Retail Customer Satisfaction Survey Design

A retail chain wants to compare customer satisfaction levels between two store locations. A survey a

School Intervention Study

A school implements a new intervention aimed at increasing the proportion of students passing a stan

School Lunch Program Participation

A study examines participation in school lunch programs in two schools. In School X, 60 out of 150 s

Smoking Status and Respiratory Illness

Hospital records show data on patients' smoking status and whether they have a respiratory illness.

Social Media Usage by Gender

A survey compares social media usage among different genders. In a sample of 400 males, 320 use soci

Sports Participation by Gender and Sport Type

A survey collected data on sports participation, recording the favorite sport type as either 'Team S

Urban vs. Rural: Survey on Public Transportation Usage

A survey was conducted to compare the use of public transportation between urban and rural residents

Voter Approval Poll Design

A polling organization samples voters to estimate the proportion of the electorate that approves of

Average Daily Reading Time of Students

A study investigates the daily reading habits of a group of students. In a random sample of 30 stude

Average Monthly Rainfall

Meteorologists are interested in the average monthly rainfall in a particular region. A random sampl

Coffee Shop Wait Times

An urban coffee shop is interested in assessing its average customer wait time (in minutes) from pla

Comparing 3-Point Percentage Rates

A sports analyst wants to compare the true 3-point shooting percentages of two basketball players. I

Detection of Production Process Anomalies via Simulation

A factory monitors its production process by measuring the deviation from a target product dimension

Determining Sample Size for a Cholesterol Study

A researcher aims to estimate the mean cholesterol level in a population with a margin of error of 2

Diet Program Effectiveness

A research study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of two diet programs in achieving weight

Engine Emissions Compliance

An environmental agency is monitoring engine emissions to ensure compliance with regulations that re

Enzyme Activity Confidence Interval

A laboratory measures enzyme activity in 12 samples. The sample mean enzyme activity is 7.5 units wi

Impact of a Study Program on Exam Performance

A school introduces an intensive study program and measures students' exam scores before and after i

Impact of Advertising on Product Awareness

A marketing team wants to analyze the effect of advertising on product awareness. Consumers are cate

Life Span Analysis of Light Bulbs

A manufacturer claims that its light bulbs have a long lifespan. In a quality test of 15 randomly se

Manufacturing Process Adjustment

A process engineer is investigating whether an adjustment to a machine can reduce the mean productio

Physical Activity and Cholesterol Levels

A nutritionist studies the impact of physical activity on cholesterol levels by comparing two groups

Plant Growth under Different Fertilizers

A botanist is studying the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. A random sample of 12 plants

Pre- and Post-Intervention Test Score Analysis

An educational researcher wants to evaluate the effect of a new study program on student performance

Pre- and Post-Treatment Blood Pressure

A clinical trial is conducted to assess the effectiveness of a new treatment for lowering blood pres

Response Time in a Virtual Reality Task

A technology company is testing a new virtual reality (VR) system for gaming. They measure the respo

SAT Preparation Class Improvement

A tutor runs an SAT preparation class with 25 students. The differences between the post-test and pr

Simulating Sampling Distribution of Daily Temperatures

A simulation study was conducted to generate the sampling distribution of the sample mean daily temp

Sodium Intake and Systolic Blood Pressure Analysis

The scatterplot below shows data on individuals' daily sodium intake (in mg, x-axis) and their systo

Soil pH Variation

An agricultural experiment is conducted to assess whether a new fertilizer treatment helps bring soi

Study Hours and Test Scores

A teacher implements a new study method to improve student performance. Eight students are tested be

Study Hours and Test Scores Regression Analysis

The scatterplot below displays data on college students' study hours (x-axis) and their correspondin

Technology Adoption in Businesses

A market analysis explores the relationship between company size and the adoption of new technology.

Testing Mean Daily Water Consumption

A municipal claim states that the mean daily water consumption in a city is 150 liters. A survey of

Weight Loss Confidence Interval

A nutritionist is studying the effectiveness of a new weight loss program. A random sample of 20 par

Weight Loss Study Confidence Interval

A nutritionist is studying the effect of a new diet on weight loss. A random sample of 16 subjects y

Adoption Rates of Electric Vehicles by Region

A study compares the adoption rates of electric vehicles in three different regions: Urban, Suburban

Association between Exercise Frequency and Diet Type

A survey of 200 college students examines whether there is an association between exercise frequency

Book Genre Popularity Study

A survey by a local library aims to determine if the popularity of book genres matches the library's

Customer Product Color Preference Analysis

A company conducts a survey on customer preferences regarding the color of a new product. The compan

Customer Satisfaction Across Regions

A retail chain conducted a survey to assess customer satisfaction in three different regions: North,

Customer Satisfaction Across Store Branches: Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A retail chain surveys customer satisfaction across three store branches. Customers are classified a

Demographic Trends in Streaming Service Preferences

A streaming service study examines if the preferences among four platforms (Netflix, Hulu, Amazon, D

Diet and Exercise Frequency: Independence Test

A health study of 240 participants recorded data on diet quality (Healthy, Unhealthy) and exercise f

Effectiveness of Advertisement Types

A study assesses whether the type of advertisement affects perceived effectiveness. Three ad types a

Employee Training Program: Comparing Certifications Across Departments

A company is evaluating the effectiveness of a new training program by comparing certification rates

FRQ 2: Association Between Smoking Behavior and Gender

A public health survey collected data on smoking status and gender from 150 individuals. The observe

FRQ 13: Customer Loyalty Across Store Branches

A chain store wants to investigate whether customer loyalty is consistent across its four branches.

Goodness-of-Fit in Genetic Ratio for Pea Plants

In a genetics experiment, pea plants are expected to exhibit a 3:1 ratio for purple to white flowers

Market Analysis: Brand Preference

A market analysis firm surveyed 200 consumers to determine their preference among three competing br

Online Shopping Preference by Age Group

A survey of 330 consumers examines the preference for online shopping platforms among different age

Participation in Extracurricular Activities: Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A school district wants to compare participation rates in extracurricular activities among high scho

Patient Outcomes by Treatment: Chi-Square Test for Independence

In a hospital trial, patients are assigned to one of two treatments (Medication A and Medication B)

Preferred Study Methods: Homogeneity Test Across Colleges

Three colleges (X, Y, Z) surveyed students on their preferred study method: Group Study, Self Study,

Testing a Fair Die – Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

To determine if a six-sided die is fair, a student rolls it 600 times. Under the assumption of a fai

Traffic Accident Severity

In a study of traffic accidents on a highway, the outcomes were classified as Minor, Major, or Fatal

Traffic Light Malfunction Analysis

A city’s transportation department monitors traffic light performance. They expect that 90% of signa

Type of Transportation and Commute Satisfaction

A survey of 530 commuters collected data on their primary mode of transportation (Car, Bus, Bike, Wa

Voter Preferences Among Four Candidates – Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

An election poll of 800 voters reports the following counts for four candidates: Candidate A: 220, C

Voting Patterns and Ballot Measure Support

A survey of 400 voters categorizes responses by party affiliation and support for a ballot measure.

Weather Patterns and Energy Consumption

A utility company is interested in whether weather conditions are associated with high or low energy

Wildlife Habitat Preference: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

Ecologists are studying the distribution of a particular species among four habitat types: Forest, G

Advertising Budget and Revenue

A study on 25 companies examines the relationship between advertising budget (x, in thousands of dol

Advertising Budget and Sales Revenue

A company collected data on weekly advertising expenditure ($$x$$, in thousands of dollars) and corr

Automobile Fuel Efficiency

A study analyzes the effect of engine displacement (in liters) on fuel efficiency (measured in miles

Car Mileage and Weight

A study examined the relationship between the weight of a car (in pounds) and its fuel efficiency me

Coffee Consumption and Alertness Score

A nutrition study collected data on the number of cups of coffee consumed per day (x) and an alertne

Crop Yield and Fertilizer Application

An agronomist is examining how the amount of fertilizer applied (x, in kg) affects crop yield (y, in

Crop Yields and Fertilizer Usage

Agricultural researchers are investigating the effect of fertilizer amount (in kg per hectare) on cr

Daily Study Hours and GPA

Researchers are interested in analyzing the relationship between the number of hours students study

Dosage of Medication and Blood Pressure Reduction

A clinical researcher investigates whether the dosage of a new medication (in mg) is associated with

Effect of Experience on Salary

A company collected data on employees' years of professional experience (x, in years) and their annu

Effect of Study Intervention on Academic Performance

Researchers are evaluating whether participation in a new tutoring program predicts improvements in

Effectiveness of a New Drug on Blood Pressure

A pharmaceutical company is investigating whether a new drug reduces blood pressure as the dosage (i

Energy Consumption and Temperature: Simulation Study

A data analyst is investigating the relationship between ambient temperature (in $$^\circ C$$) and h

Engineering: Stress and Strain in Alloys

In an experiment studying a new alloy, engineers measured stress (x, in MPa) and strain (y, dimensio

Fish Population and Pollution Levels

Biologists are studying whether increased pollution levels (x, in parts per million) are associated

Housing Prices Prediction

A real-estate analyst investigates how the selling price of houses relates to their size (in square

Ice Cream Sales and Temperature

A food vendor tracked daily ice cream sales (in dollars) and the day's high temperature (in °F) over

Impact of Teaching Methods on Math Performance

A school district is interested in determining whether a new teaching method improves performance on

Impact of Workout Hours on Body Fat Percentage

A fitness study collected data on the number of hours individuals work out per week (x) and their bo

Machine Operating Time and Defect Rate

A manufacturing plant collected data to investigate the relationship between machine operating time

Medication Dosage vs Blood Pressure Reduction

A clinical researcher examined the effect of medication dosage (in mg) on blood pressure reduction (

Online Advertisement View Time and Purchase Likelihood

A study examines the relationship between the time spent viewing an online advertisement ($$x$$, in

Online Course Participation and Final Grade

An education researcher is analyzing whether the number of online course modules completed by studen

Relationship Between Exercise Time and Cholesterol

A health study examines the relationship between weekly hours spent exercising (x) and cholesterol l

Relationship Between Study Hours and Exam Scores

A school counselor is investigating the relationship between the number of hours a student studies a

Student Performance and Study Hours

Researchers examine the relationship between hours studied (x) and exam scores (y). The regression a

Study Hours and SAT Scores: Private vs Public

A researcher studied the relationship between study hours (x) and SAT scores (y) among students from

Temperature and Electricity Consumption

A power company studies the relationship between daily average temperature (in °C) and electricity c

Temperature Effects on Motor Speed

An engineer investigates the effect of ambient temperature ($$x$$, in $$^\circ C$$) on motor speed (

Traffic Volume and Pollution Levels

An environmental study was conducted over 45 days to assess the relationship between daily traffic v

Vehicle Weight and Fuel Efficiency

A study investigates the relationship between vehicle weight (in pounds) and fuel efficiency (in mil

Weather Forecasting: Humidity vs. Chance of Precipitation

Meteorologists studied the relationship between relative humidity (x, in percentage points) and chan

Wind Speed vs Power Output

An energy analyst is exploring the effect of wind speed (in m/s) on the power output (in kilowatts)