AP Statistics FRQ Room

AP Course Enrollment Among High School Seniors

A survey of 2200 high school seniors collected data on the number of AP classes they are taking. The

BMI and Blood Pressure Regression Analysis

A study examines the relationship between body mass index ($$BMI$$) and systolic blood pressure for

Bus Scheduling and Commuter Wait Times

A city transit authority is investigating whether optimizing bus schedules can reduce average commut

Central Limit Theorem Verification via Simulation

A researcher has a negatively skewed population and uses simulation to draw 1000 samples of size $$n

Comparing Sleep Hours in High School and College Students

Two histograms display the number of hours of sleep per night for high school and college students.

Constructing a Frequency Histogram from Commute Times

A study recorded the commute times (in minutes) for 20 individuals. The raw data are: $$\{12, 15, 1

Consumer Smartphone Preferences Analysis

A survey was conducted at a shopping mall where 300 shoppers were asked about their preferred smartp

Effect of Fertilizer Types on Tomato Yield

An agricultural experiment is designed to test whether different types of fertilizer affect tomato y

Effect of Skewness on the Sampling Distribution of the Mean

A company tracks daily website visits which are heavily right-skewed. A data analyst simulates drawi

Effectiveness of a New Wearable Heart Rate Monitor

A tech company is evaluating whether a new wearable device provides more accurate measurements of he

Evaluating Marketing Strategies: Online Ad A/B Test

A company performed an A/B test for two versions of an online advertisement to compare their click-t

Examining Data Variability in Sports Statistics

A boxplot summarizes the points per game for a basketball player over a season with the following va

Examining Non-Response Bias in Mail Surveys

Two separate mail surveys were conducted in different regions. In Region X, 150 out of 300 surveys w

Home Run Distances Analysis

Consider the following set of home run distances (in feet) measured at 13 ballparks: $$\{387, 400,

Hypothesis Testing: Reaction Time vs Age

In an experimental study on reaction times (in milliseconds) versus age (in years), the following re

Interpreting Boxplots for Salary Data

A survey of 50 teachers provided salary data summarized in the following boxplot: - Minimum: $30,0

Interquartile Range and Boxplot Construction

Given the dataset: {12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27, 30, 35}, perform an analysis of its distribution

Job Satisfaction Across Departments

A company administered job satisfaction surveys in two different departments. In Department 1, 120 o

Online Shopping Preference by Age Group

An online survey collected responses about shopping behavior by categorizing respondents into age gr

Online vs. In-Person Instruction on Language Course Retention

An educational study is designed to compare the effectiveness of online versus in-person instruction

Phone App Usage Times

Daily phone app usage is normally distributed with a mean of $$120$$ minutes and a standard deviatio

Public Opinion on School Length: Categorical Data Summary

In a survey of 2000 parents regarding their preference for the length of the school year, the respon

Regression Analysis: Blood Sugar and Calorie Intake

Researchers are studying the relationship between daily calorie intake and blood sugar levels measur

Regression Analysis: Height and Shoe Size in Adolescents

A study on adolescents collected data on height (in cm) and shoe size. The least-squares regression

Restaurant Preference and Time Slot

A survey of 200 diners asked about their restaurant choice (Restaurant A or Restaurant B) and the ti

Sampling Distribution of the Sample Range for SAT Scores

A statistician is studying SAT scores whose distribution is known to have a certain degree of variab

School Survey on Categorical Preferences

A high school conducted a survey of 400 students regarding their preferred school day length. The re

Simulated Sampling Distribution of a Sample Proportion for a School Lunch Preference Survey

A school conducts a survey to determine if students prefer the current school lunch or an alternativ

Stock Price Outlier Analysis

Consider the summarized daily stock prices (in dollars) of a company given by the following five-num

Survey of Smartphone Usage Time

A survey of 500 students categorized their daily smartphone usage (in hours) with the following data

University Course Selection by Gender

A university survey of 300 students recorded their course selection (STEM or Humanities) and gender

Voting Behavior by Education Level

A political survey collected data on voters' education level (High School, College, Graduate) and th

Z-Scores and Percentile Ranks in a Test Examination

Assume that the scores on a standardized test are normally distributed with a mean of $$80$$ and a s

Analysis of Marketing Campaign Data: Sales vs. Advertisements

A company conducted a marketing campaign across several regions and recorded the amount spent on adv

App Usage Trend: Free vs Premium Users

A tech company is studying how frequently users utilize a particular feature in their app. Two group

Assessment of Internet Usage and Academic Performance

A study examines the relationship between the number of hours college students spend online per day

Chi-Square Analysis for Dietary Habits and Exercise Frequency

A nutrition study classifies 300 individuals by their dietary habit (Vegetarian, Non-Vegetarian) and

City Bicycle Usage Study

A city bike‐share program collected data on daily high temperatures (in °F) and the total number of

Effect of Advertisement Frequency on Brand Recognition

A marketing study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the number of advertisements see

Email Marketing Response Rates

A company ran two email marketing campaigns and recorded the number of recipients who responded and

Exercise and Resting Heart Rate

In a health study of 40 adults, researchers examined the relationship between daily exercise duratio

Exercise and Stress Investigation

A health research team collected data from 40 adults regarding their weekly exercise hours (quantita

Experience and Salary: Exploring a Nonlinear Relationship

An HR department collects data on the number of years of experience (x) and annual salary (in thousa

Housing Prices and Home Size

A study of 40 houses produced the regression equation $$\hat{y}=50+0.15x$$ predicting house price (i

Museum Visits and Visitor Satisfaction

A local museum surveyed 40 visitors about the number of times they visited the museum in the past ye

Neighborhood Safety Survey

A community survey collected data on residents' sense of safety based on their neighborhood type (Ur

Regression Analysis of Movie Attendance and Concession Sales

A movie theater records daily attendance (x) and the number of concession sales (y, measured in hund

Sampling Distribution of the Coefficient of Determination (\(r^2\)) via Simulation

Researchers study the relationship between study time and exam scores and want to understand the sam

Simulating the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Range in Bivariate Data

A researcher is interested in exploring the sampling distribution of the range of response variable

Smartphone Brand Loyalty

A market survey examined customer satisfaction across three smartphone brands (Brand X, Brand Y, and

Study Techniques and Exam Performance

A researcher collected data on the number of hours college students spent using active study techniq

Transformation to Achieve Linearity: Population Growth

A rapidly growing town has recorded its population over a series of years, as shown in the table bel

Using Residual Plots to Assess Fit in Advertising and Sales Data

A company collects data on its weekly advertising budget (in $1000s, x) and weekly sales revenue (in

Voter Approval Polling

Preliminary polls indicate that 45% of voters approve of a candidate. A random sample of $$200$$ vot

Analysis of Product Return Rates: Online vs. In-Store

A retailer wants to compare product return rates between online and in-store purchases. Among online

Analysis of Recycling Behavior

A survey was conducted to study recycling habits among individuals with different education levels.

Analyzing Survey Bias in Voluntary Response Surveys

A local newspaper conducts a voluntary response survey asking residents about their satisfaction wit

Bias in Random Digit Sampling

A researcher uses random digit dialing to contact households for a survey. However, certain demograp

Brand Satisfaction Survey Analysis

A company conducted a survey to evaluate the satisfaction level of its customers by gender. The resu

Calculating and Interpreting a Confidence Interval from Water Quality Data

A study measures the concentration of a contaminant in a river. A random sample of 25 measurements y

Cluster Sampling in a University Study on Student Satisfaction

A university administration wants to gauge overall student satisfaction with campus life. The survey

Coffee Consumption and Productivity: Observational Study

A tech company conducted an observational study on the relationship between the number of cups of co

Commute Time and Job Satisfaction

A consulting firm conducts a study to examine whether longer commute times (in minutes, x) are assoc

Comparing Test Scores Between Two Teaching Methods

A school is evaluating two different teaching methods. Group A, using Teaching Method A, had 25 stud

Customer Feedback for a New Product

A technology company collected customer feedback regarding a new product via two purchasing channels

Customer Satisfaction in a Retail Chain

A retail chain seeks to assess customer satisfaction. The chain is divided into 5 regions. Within ea

Customer Service Feedback

A company collected customer service feedback from three channels: Online, In-store, and Phone. The

Designing a Randomized Controlled Trial for a New Drug

A pharmaceutical company is preparing to test the efficacy of a new drug intended to lower blood pre

Differences in Data Collection Techniques: Face-to-Face vs. Online Surveys

A political research firm collects survey data about voter opinions through both face-to-face interv

Double-Blind Experiment Design for Nausea Reduction

A research team is testing a new wristband designed to reduce postoperative nausea. To eliminate pla

Exercise Frequency and Cholesterol Levels

A study investigates the relationship between the number of hours of exercise per week (x) and total

Factorial Experiment on Study Hours and Tutoring

A study is conducted to examine the effects of study hours and tutoring on student test scores. Stud

Film Ratings Analysis

A movie review aggregator collects ratings on a scale from 1 to 10 from a simple random sample of 80

Flu Vaccination Campaign and Illness Spread

A hospital is reviewing its flu vaccination campaign by comparing the incidence of flu among vaccina

Impact of a New Diet on Blood Pressure

A health clinic is investigating whether a new diet can reduce systolic blood pressure. Patients are

Investigating Effects of Population Variability on Sampling Distributions

Two populations have the same mean $$\mu = 100$$ but different standard deviations: $$\sigma_1 = 10$

Investigating Sampling Bias in a Voluntary Response Survey on Social Media Usage

A market research firm conducts an online survey where participants voluntarily respond to questions

Placebo-Controlled Experiment in Nutritional Supplements

Researchers are studying the effect of a new nutritional supplement on muscle recovery times. Partic

Random Assignment in a Placebo-Controlled Medical Trial

A medical researcher plans a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a new drug for migraine rel

Sampling Variability in Teacher Performance Evaluations

A school district collects teacher performance evaluations through student surveys. The administrati

Scatterplot Analysis and Regression Line Interpretation

A researcher investigates the relationship between the number of hours studied (x) and exam scores (

Simulation of the Sampling Distribution of Proportions in Quality Testing

A factory produces light bulbs and each bulb is classified as defective or nondefective. A simulatio

Study Habits and GPA: A Regression Analysis

A university researcher is examining the relationship between students' weekly study hours (x) and t

Advertising Budget and Sales Regression Analysis

A company investigates the relationship between its advertising spending (in thousand dollars) and i

Charity Lottery Expected Value Calculation

A charity holds a lottery selling 10,000 tickets at $$1$$ each. One ticket wins a prize of $$7500$$.

Coin Flip Game Strategies

In a game show, contestants face two different coin flip challenges. In Challenge A, you win if the

Comparing Sampling Distributions Under Different Population Variabilities

A simulation is run for two populations: Population A has a low variance and Population B has a high

Consumer Product Preference Analysis

A company surveyed 500 consumers about their preference for a new product. The results are summarize

Cumulative Distribution Function Analysis for Daily Customers

A small store tracks its daily customer counts and summarizes the data with the following cumulative

Customer Satisfaction Survey

A retail company conducted a customer satisfaction survey both online and in-store. The results are

Dice Roll Sum Analysis

Two standard six-sided dice are rolled, and the sum $$X$$ of the numbers is recorded.

Diet Preferences and Health Outcome

A nutrition study surveyed 200 individuals regarding their diet and health outcome. The data are sum

Drug Efficacy in Clinical Trial

A pharmaceutical company claims that at least 70% of patients will show improvement after receiving

Effectiveness of Public Health Announcements on Mask-Wearing Behavior

During a flu outbreak, a health department launches a public health campaign to encourage mask-weari

Engine Size and Fuel Efficiency Regression Analysis

A study investigates the relationship between engine size (in liters) and fuel efficiency (in miles

Exam Score Cumulative Distribution

The following table displays the distribution of scores on an exam from 200 students:

Fitness Class Participation by Age Group

A gym surveyed 300 members about their preferred fitness class types. The results by age group are d

High School SAT Scores Analysis

A school district collected SAT scores from a random sample of 60 students. The sample mean is $$\ba

Highway Worker Productivity

A construction team has three possible outcomes for the number of miles of highway built in a day: 4

Impact of Meditation on Stress Reduction

A mental health clinic is studying whether an 8‐week meditation program reduces stress levels in its

Insurance Policy Sales Analysis

An insurance salesperson records her daily sales of auto and home insurance policies. The probabilit

Investigative Study on Public Health Intervention

A local government is assessing the effectiveness of a new public health campaign aimed at reducing

Medication Dosage and Recovery Time Regression Analysis

A clinical study investigates the effect of medication dosage (in mg) on patient recovery time (in d

Multistage Probability: Virus Infection on Campus Computers

On a university campus, 60% of computers run Windows, 30% run Apple, and 10% run Linux. A virus affe

Political Polling: Voting Intentions by Age Group

A polling agency surveyed 300 voters about their intention to vote 'Yes' or 'No' on a particular iss

Quality Control Binomial Process

A manufacturing process produces items such that each item has a $$5\%$$ chance of being defective.

Quality Control in Manufacturing

A factory produces widgets, each having an independent 5% chance of being defective. Quality control

Simulated Binomial Sampling Distribution

A simulation experiment involves performing 20 independent Bernoulli trials with a probability of su

Student Majors and Graduation Outcome

A university tracked graduation outcomes for 300 students by major. The summarized data is provided

Testing a New App Feature through A/B Testing

A tech company is conducting an A/B test to evaluate a new feature that is intended to enhance user

Transformation of Payout Values

A game machine produces a random payout $$X$$ with a mean of $5 and a standard deviation of $3. A re

University Admissions Multistage Process

A university's admissions process consists of two independent stages. A student first undergoes a sc

Virus Spread Modeling among Animal Species

A study examines the spread of a virus among three animal species with the following data: | Specie

Biased Estimator in Quality Control

A manufacturer uses an estimator to measure the maximum strength of a new material. A simulation of

Central Limit Theorem in Action: Distribution of Household Incomes

In a large metropolitan area, household incomes are highly skewed. A research team takes repeated ra

College Major and Internship Experience

A university conducted a survey on students' internship experiences across different majors. The tab

Comparing Class Test Scores

Two independent classes took a standardized test. Class X (with $$n=30$$) had a mean score of 78 wit

Comparing School Test Scores

School A has a test score distribution with a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 8, and School B

Effect of Restaurant Remodel on Customer Behavior

A fast-food restaurant tested whether remodeling their premises had an effect on how much food custo

Effect of Sample Size on Sampling Variability

A company monitors customer wait times at a service center. The standard deviation for an individual

Employee Training Program Evaluation

A company evaluated the effectiveness of its training programs by mode of delivery (Online vs. In-Pe

Estimating Average Commute Time

A study suggests that the average commute time in a metropolitan area is $$\mu = 30$$ minutes with a

Estimator Bias: Maximum vs. Mean in Soccer Scores

A soccer coach considers using the maximum number of goals scored in a series of 10 games as an esti

Estimator Comparison for Population Mean

Consider two estimators for a population mean: the sample mean $$\bar{x}$$ and a 10% trimmed mean (w

Estimator Evaluation in Quality Control

A manufacturing process is designed to produce products weighing 500 grams. Four estimators (E1, E2,

Financial Returns: Biased vs. Unbiased Estimators

Investment analysts use two estimators to predict the expected return of a financial asset. Estimato

Genetic Mutations in New Fathers

It is estimated that 40-year-old men contribute on average $$65$$ genetic mutations to their offspri

Graduation Rates by Gender

In a large school district, the graduation rate for girls is known to be 90%, while for boys it is 8

Math Anxiety Brain Activity Proportions

It is estimated that $$80\%$$ of individuals with high math anxiety exhibit brain activity similar t

Normal Approximation for Binomial Proportions

In a large survey, $$65\%$$ of respondents favor a new policy. In a random sample of $$100$$ respond

Normal Distribution Calculation: Component Lifespan

A certain machine component has a lifespan that is approximately normally distributed with mean $$\m

Quality Control in Baseball Production

A sports manufacturing company uses five different estimators (A, B, C, D, and E) to estimate the we

Quality Control of Production Errors

In a manufacturing facility, the number of production errors per day follows a distribution with a m

Sampling Distribution for Differences in Sample Proportions in Political Polling

In a political poll, two districts are surveyed. In District A, 60% of 500 voters support a policy,

Simulated Sampling Distribution for Rare Events

A rare genetic marker is present in only 1% of a large population. A random sample of 200 individual

Smartphone Battery Life Comparison

A technology review compared the battery life of two smartphone models. Model X was tested with 60 p

Student Test Scores Sampling Distribution

An exam taken by a large group of high school students has scores that are approximately normally di

Air Quality Health Survey Design

A public health department is conducting a survey to estimate the proportion of residents suffering

Analysis of Survey Data on Online Learning

A survey of 150 students indicates that 90 prefer online learning. A table summarizing the responses

Assessing the Fairness of a Die

A six-sided die is rolled 600 times to test for fairness. In these 600 rolls, the result "6" appears

Comparing Test Pass Rates

A study compares the pass rates of two types of schools. The following table summarizes the results:

Consumer Preference: Hypothesis Testing for a Single Proportion

A company claims that at least 40% of consumers prefer its new product. In a sample of 250 consumers

Customer Satisfaction Survey by Region

A retail company conducted a customer satisfaction survey in two regions, North and South. Responses

Determining Required Sample Size for Test Power

A public health researcher is testing the claim that the proportion of adults who smoke is less than

Diet Preference in Age Groups

A study compares the proportion of individuals following a vegan diet between two age groups. Among

Effectiveness of a Public Health Intervention: Investigative Task

A public health organization is assessing the effectiveness of a new intervention aimed at increasin

Employee Retention in a Tech Firm

A tech company wants to analyze its employee retention rate. Out of a random sample of 200 employees

Evaluating a Confidence Interval in a Political Poll

A political poll of 1,000 registered voters finds that 540 support candidate A. Pollsters wish to cr

Evaluating Public Support for a Tax

A poll was conducted to measure public support for a proposed tax. In the first survey, 1000 voters

Impact of Training Program on Certification Rates

A company implemented a training program to improve certification rates among its employees. In a ra

Implications of Errors in a Safety Inspection

A company's quality control department conducts a safety inspection of a new car model. The manufact

Marketing Survey: Brand Loyalty Across Regions

A marketing survey compares brand loyalty across two regions. In Region 1, 210 out of 300 respondent

One-Sided Election Polling Analysis

In a survey of 600 likely voters, 330 support a particular candidate. The candidate’s campaign claim

Political Opinion Poll Analysis

A political poll was conducted to assess support for a proposed tax bill. In a simple random sample

Political Polling: Candidate Approval

Two independent polls were conducted to assess approval ratings for a political candidate. Poll 1, s

Public Health: Influenza Vaccination Rates

A public health study compares influenza vaccination rates between urban and rural areas. In urban a

Research on Smoking Cessation Program

A study is conducted on a smoking cessation program to estimate the proportion of participants who s

Retail Coupon Usage Among Customers

Two retail outlets want to know if they differ in the rate of coupon usage among their customers. Ou

Retail Store Customer Satisfaction Confidence Interval

A retail store conducted a customer satisfaction survey. A random sample of n = 400 customers was se

Sample Size and Margin of Error Trade-Off Analysis

A political analyst is planning a poll and is considering two sample sizes. One sample of 300 respon

Sample Size Determination for Desired Margin of Error

A researcher wishes to estimate the proportion of households that recycle with a margin of error of

Satisfaction with Mobile App Features

A tech firm surveys 650 mobile app users and finds that 390 users are satisfied with the app feature

Significance Testing of Proportion Differences in Crime Rates

In a survey, 55 out of 200 residents in City A and 40 out of 250 residents in City B reported feelin

Social Media Engagement: Effect of Advertisement on Conversion

An online advertisement campaign tested two different ad designs. For Ad 1, out of 400 views, 80 res

Test of a Hypothesis on Voter Turnout

A political analyst claims that at least 60% of registered voters participate in elections. A sample

Traffic Accident Analysis

A study on traffic accidents examined the severity of accidents (Severe vs. Minor) and the driver’s

Voter Preferences by Age Group

A recent survey collected data on voter preferences for two political candidates among voters in two

Voting by Race

A political science study collected data on voting behavior by race. Voters are classified as either

Analysis of Weekly Exercise Duration

A wellness program is designed to increase weekly exercise time. In a sample of 16 participants unde

Average Household Electricity Usage

An energy study reports that for a random sample of 40 households, the average monthly electricity u

Caffeine Consumption and Reaction Times

A study aims to determine whether the consumption of caffeine affects reaction times. Two independen

Comparing Average Wait Times at Two Coffee Chains

A study is conducted to compare customer wait times at two coffee shop franchises. The following sum

Comparing Two Methods of Estimating Reaction Time

A researcher is comparing two methods for measuring reaction time. Using Method 1 on a sample of 15

Comparison of Pollutant Concentration in Two Rivers

Environmental scientists measured the pollutant concentration (in mg/L) in two rivers. River 1 was s

Customer Satisfaction Survey

A company wants to evaluate customer satisfaction with two service channels: Online Chat and Telepho

Determining Sample Size for a Cholesterol Study

A researcher aims to estimate the mean cholesterol level in a population with a margin of error of 2

Effectiveness of a New Study Method on Test Scores

A tutoring program is implemented in a school, and the same group of 12 students is tested before an

Effectiveness of an Online Learning Platform

An online learning platform claims that students using it achieve an average course score of at leas

Employee Productivity Analysis

A study compares employee productivity scores between two departments. Department 1 (n = 30) has a s

Energy Consumption Analysis

An energy company is testing the claim that the average daily electricity consumption of households

Evaluating a Mobile App's Impact on Daily Step Count

A health technology firm develops a new mobile application aimed at increasing daily physical activi

Impact of New Traffic Signals on Commute Times

A city installs new traffic signals at a busy intersection to improve traffic flow. Traffic engineer

Machine Calibration Paired Data

A manufacturer tests the effect of a maintenance update on machine calibration. Fifteen machines are

Machine Downtime Analysis

A manufacturing plant monitors the daily downtime (in minutes) of a critical machine. Over 40 indepe

Manufacturing Measurement Variability

A quality control procedure involves monitoring the variability in a product's critical dimension us

Medical Device Response Time Analysis

A study is carried out to evaluate the response time (in seconds) of a new medical device. A random

Monthly Sales Performance Analysis

A retail store assesses the impact of a promotional campaign on monthly sales. The data collected co

Nutritional Study on Caloric Intake

A nutritional study compares daily caloric intake between individuals on two different diets. Group

Pre-Test and Post-Test Scores Analysis

The scatterplot below represents data on students' pre-test scores (x-axis) and post-test scores (y-

Quality Control: Machine Calibration

A factory employs a machine to produce metal rods. To check the machine’s calibration, two samples o

Randomized Field Experiment on Stress Reduction

A research team is interested in determining whether a mindfulness training program reduces stress l

Recovery Rates in Two Hospitals

A study compares recovery rates between two hospitals. Patients are classified as 'Recovered' or 'No

Simulation of Sampling Distribution for Average Calorie Content in Energy Bars

A food quality control manager conducts a simulation study to evaluate the average calorie content o

Simulation of the Sampling Distribution for Mean Salary

A company's HR department conducts a simulation study to understand the sampling distribution of the

Student Participation in Extracurricular Activities

Researchers are studying the relationship between club membership and academic achievement in a samp

Temperature and Electricity Consumption Analysis

The scatterplot below shows data on daily temperature in °F (x-axis) and electricity consumption in

Bike-Sharing User Gender Distribution Goodness-of-Fit Test

A bike-sharing company claims that the gender distribution of its users is 60% male and 40% female.

Car Color and Accident Involvement: Independence Test

An insurance company collects data on car color and accident involvement among 500 policyholders. Th

Chi-Square Analysis of Traffic Light Phases

A transportation engineer hypothesizes that the timing of traffic light phases (green, yellow, red)

Clinical Trial: Treatment Effects on Recovery Rates

In a clinical trial, patients are randomly assigned to one of three treatment strategies (Treatment

Demographic Trends in Streaming Service Preferences

A streaming service study examines if the preferences among four platforms (Netflix, Hulu, Amazon, D

Employee Job Satisfaction by Department: Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A company surveys employees from three different departments (Sales, Engineering, HR) about job sati

Employee Training Program: Comparing Certifications Across Departments

A company is evaluating the effectiveness of a new training program by comparing certification rates

FRQ 12: Employee Training Program and Job Promotion

A company is investigating the effectiveness of its training program on job promotions. The collecte

FRQ 16: Association Between Marital Status and Voting Behavior

A study examines whether marital status is associated with voting behavior for Party X versus Party

FRQ 17: Customer Complaint Types and Resolution Outcomes

A company categorizes customer complaints into three types: Billing, Service, and Product Quality. E

FRQ 18: Evaluating Distribution of Blood Types in a Sample Population

A hospital expects the distribution of blood types in the general population to be: Type O: 45%, Typ

Goodness-of-Fit Test for Web Traffic Sources

A website manager expects that web traffic comes from four sources with the following proportions: D

Homogeneity in Dietary Habits Across Regions

Nutrition researchers surveyed individuals from three regions regarding their dietary habits: Omnivo

Homogeneity in Voter Turnout Among Demographic Groups

Exit polls in three different cities recorded voter turnout (Voted, Did Not Vote). Use the data to t

Independence of Smoking and Lung Disease

A public health survey collected data from 300 participants to investigate the relationship between

Learning Style and Major Association Independence Test

A college survey of 300 students categorized them by their preferred learning style (Visual, Auditor

Market Analysis: Brand Preference

A market analysis firm surveyed 200 consumers to determine their preference among three competing br

Medal Distribution across Training Groups Homogeneity Test

In a national sports event, athletes from three training groups (Group A, Group B, Group C) competed

Online Shopping Day Preferences: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

A retailer surveys 150 online shoppers to determine which day of the week (Monday through Friday) th

Public Transportation and Demographics: Chi-Square Test for Independence

City planners conducted a survey of 300 residents to determine if the preferred mode of transportati

Race Participation in Marathon

A marathon organizer expects the racial participation to follow these percentages: Group 1 = 30%, Gr

Simulated Chi-Square Distribution for Voting Patterns

A simulation study is conducted to examine the chi-square distribution under the null hypothesis tha

Species Distribution in Habitats: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

A wildlife researcher hypothesizes that a species is distributed among four habitat types in a fixed

Test for Independence: Music Preference and Age Group

A survey of 300 individuals recorded their favorite music genre (Rock, Pop, Classical) and age group

Traffic Accident Severity

In a study of traffic accidents on a highway, the outcomes were classified as Minor, Major, or Fatal

Transportation Mode Among City Residents

A city survey examines the relationship between type of residence (Urban vs. Suburban) and preferred

Voter Initiative Support Homogeneity Test Across Regions

A study examines voter support for a new initiative in three regions: North, Central, and South. Ind

Voting Behavior and Demographics

A survey collected responses from 700 voters regarding their political affiliation (Democrat, Republ

Wildlife Habitat Preference: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

Ecologists are studying the distribution of a particular species among four habitat types: Forest, G

Workplace Safety Compliance

A company records the safety compliance of employees in two departments: Manufacturing and Administr

Advertising Budget and Sales Revenue

A company collected data on weekly advertising expenditure ($$x$$, in thousands of dollars) and corr

Air Quality and Traffic Flow

A study investigates whether daily traffic flow (vehicles per hour) is associated with urban air pol

Dosage of Medication and Blood Pressure Reduction

A clinical researcher investigates whether the dosage of a new medication (in mg) is associated with

Effects of Weather on Tourist Visits

The city tourism board collected data to study the relationship between daily high temperature (in °

Employee Performance and Training Hours

A company is assessing employee performance scores (out of 100) based on the number of training hour

Employee Performance from Experience

An HR department collected data on 28 employees to understand how years of experience (x) affect per

Energy Consumption and Outdoor Temperature

A study on 30 households examined the relationship between outdoor temperature (x, in °F) and energy

Engine Size and Emissions

An environmental engineer is studying the relationship between engine size (in liters) and vehicle e

Engine Temperature and Efficiency Loss

An engineering study investigates the effect of engine temperature ($$x$$, in $$^\circ C$$) on effic

Exercise Duration vs Heart Rate

A fitness researcher analyzed the relationship between exercise duration (in minutes) and heart rate

Fish Population and Pollution Levels

Biologists are studying whether increased pollution levels (x, in parts per million) are associated

Food Intake and Weight Gain in Mice

In an experiment with mice, researchers study the relationship between daily calorie intake ($$x$$)

Fuel Efficiency and Car Weight

An automotive researcher is examining the relationship between a car's weight (in pounds) and its fu

Housing Prices Prediction

A real-estate analyst investigates how the selling price of houses relates to their size (in square

Influence of Advertising Budget on Sales

A firm is investigating the effect of its advertising budget (in thousands of dollars) on weekly sal

Machine Calibration and Defect Rate

A manufacturing engineer is studying the impact of a machine's calibration setting ($$x$$) on its de

Manufacturing Process Optimization

A production manager investigates the relationship between machine speed (in units per minute) and p

Medical Dosage and Blood Pressure Response

A clinical trial tests the impact of a new medication dosage ($$x$$, in mg) on blood pressure reduct

Rainfall and Crop Yield

An agricultural study investigates the relationship between total rainfall (in inches) during the gr

Social Media Use and Sleep Quality

A study investigates the relationship between daily hours spent on social media (x) and nightly slee

Software Development Efficiency: Lines of Code and Bug Count

A software company wants to study whether the number of lines of code written in a project is relate

Vehicle Weight and Fuel Efficiency

A study investigates the relationship between vehicle weight (in pounds) and fuel efficiency (in mil

Weekly Hours Worked and Job Productivity

A manufacturing plant studied the relationship between weekly hours worked (x) and job productivity

Weekly Internet Hours vs Exam Score Improvement

An education researcher collected data on the number of weekly hours students spent on the internet