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Chapter 3 - Planting Colonies in North America

3.1: The Spanish, the French, and the Dutch in North America

  • New Spain and New France have become 'inclusion borders' where indigenous people have become part of colonial society.

    • When Dutch founded their colonies on the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic coast, they followed the French model.

  • The Spanish program was the conquest and exploitation of indigenous peoples in mining, agriculture or animal husbandries.

    • On the other hand, French people without sufficient staff to intimidate, enslave indigenous peoples sought to build an empire by alliances and trade with indigenous Indian nations.

  • At the beginning of the 17th century, in a combination of maritime military and commercial power, the United Netherlands held two big monopolies

    • The Dutch East India Company and the Dutch East India Company.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792157848-1632792157847.png

3.2: The Chesapeake: Virginia And Maryland

  • In 1607, a small convey of vessels was sent to the Chesapeake Bay by a group of London investors known as the Virginia Company.

    • A hundred men built a fort which was called Jamestown in honor of King James I

    • The first permanent settlement in North America was to be established in England.

  • Chesapeake's community was united in a politically sophisticated Powhatan Confederacy, led by a powerful leader named Wahunsonacook, who was known to be "King Powhatan" by the colonists in Jamestown.

  • The company Virginia established a "headright grant" program awarded to wealthy colonists from large plantations who agreed to take workers from England to their own expenses.

  • In 1624, England turned Virginia into a Royal colony with appointed civil authorities by the Crown

    • Although colonists of property kept electing representatives to the House of Burgesses, created in 1619 to encourage immigration.

  • The British immigrants in Chesapeake came at least three-quarters as indentured servants.

    • Men and women worked for a master for a certain term in exchange for the cost of their transportation to the New World.

3.3: The New England Colonies

  • Most English men and women have still practiced a little different Christianity than traditional Catholicism.

    • But during the last few years of Elizabeth's reign at the end of the sixteenth century, the English followers of John Calvin, known as the Puritans,

    • But, as with all the Plymouth colonies, they needed a source of revenue to pay off their English investors.

    • They supported themselves by farming.

    • The cod fishing in the rich Atlantic coast banks formed the basis of their commercial economy,

  • In 1629 a royal charter was issued to the rich Puritans who named their company Massachusetts Bay Company, and to the fishing settlement of Naumkeag on Massachusetts Bay, a fortnight force of 200 settlers which was renamed Salem.

    • In the late sixteen thirties, few tribes retained the power to challenge Puritan expansion in southern Netherlands.

    • The Puritans believed that God ordained social hierarchy for well-ordered communities.

  • The internal economy needed husband's and wife's combined efforts.

    • The men were mainly responsible for fieldwork, the household women, the garden, the cabin and the milk industry.

    • Women have managed a wide range of tasks and some garden products, milk, and eggs are traded independently.

3.4: The Proprietary Colonies

  • Most of the settlers of South Carolina came from the Barbados sugar colony, a Caribbean colony that was founded by the British in 1627.

  • A member of the Friends' Society, Penn wanted to turn the settlement into a refuge for religious tolerance and peace.

    • It's a "holy experiment" that Penn wanted this colony.

    • He included guarantees of religious freedom, civil rights, and elected representation in his first government framework, drawn up in 1682.

  • Charles II issued a charter granting his brother James, duke of York, a former Dutch colony which in his honour was renamed New York.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792158055-1632792158055.png

3.5: Conflict and War

  • The Pequot War of 1637 followed almost forty years of peace in New England.

    • Indigenous people and colonists lived in close contact, if tense.

  • In 1677, the Albermarle region of North Carolina, a rebellion known as the Culpeper Rebellion, had been perpetrated by backcountry men.

  • A series of colonial rebellions against the authorities of King James sparked news about the Glorious Revolution in North America.

    • Governor Andros was apprehended and deported in the spring of 1689.

  • Another factor in the violence in North America was the dynastic change in England.

  • In what is referred to as the War of the Grand Alliance, armed conflict started in Europe in 1688, spreading to the colonies of the War of King William

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792157712-1632792157712.png

Chapter 3 - Planting Colonies in North America

3.1: The Spanish, the French, and the Dutch in North America

  • New Spain and New France have become 'inclusion borders' where indigenous people have become part of colonial society.

    • When Dutch founded their colonies on the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic coast, they followed the French model.

  • The Spanish program was the conquest and exploitation of indigenous peoples in mining, agriculture or animal husbandries.

    • On the other hand, French people without sufficient staff to intimidate, enslave indigenous peoples sought to build an empire by alliances and trade with indigenous Indian nations.

  • At the beginning of the 17th century, in a combination of maritime military and commercial power, the United Netherlands held two big monopolies

    • The Dutch East India Company and the Dutch East India Company.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792157848-1632792157847.png

3.2: The Chesapeake: Virginia And Maryland

  • In 1607, a small convey of vessels was sent to the Chesapeake Bay by a group of London investors known as the Virginia Company.

    • A hundred men built a fort which was called Jamestown in honor of King James I

    • The first permanent settlement in North America was to be established in England.

  • Chesapeake's community was united in a politically sophisticated Powhatan Confederacy, led by a powerful leader named Wahunsonacook, who was known to be "King Powhatan" by the colonists in Jamestown.

  • The company Virginia established a "headright grant" program awarded to wealthy colonists from large plantations who agreed to take workers from England to their own expenses.

  • In 1624, England turned Virginia into a Royal colony with appointed civil authorities by the Crown

    • Although colonists of property kept electing representatives to the House of Burgesses, created in 1619 to encourage immigration.

  • The British immigrants in Chesapeake came at least three-quarters as indentured servants.

    • Men and women worked for a master for a certain term in exchange for the cost of their transportation to the New World.

3.3: The New England Colonies

  • Most English men and women have still practiced a little different Christianity than traditional Catholicism.

    • But during the last few years of Elizabeth's reign at the end of the sixteenth century, the English followers of John Calvin, known as the Puritans,

    • But, as with all the Plymouth colonies, they needed a source of revenue to pay off their English investors.

    • They supported themselves by farming.

    • The cod fishing in the rich Atlantic coast banks formed the basis of their commercial economy,

  • In 1629 a royal charter was issued to the rich Puritans who named their company Massachusetts Bay Company, and to the fishing settlement of Naumkeag on Massachusetts Bay, a fortnight force of 200 settlers which was renamed Salem.

    • In the late sixteen thirties, few tribes retained the power to challenge Puritan expansion in southern Netherlands.

    • The Puritans believed that God ordained social hierarchy for well-ordered communities.

  • The internal economy needed husband's and wife's combined efforts.

    • The men were mainly responsible for fieldwork, the household women, the garden, the cabin and the milk industry.

    • Women have managed a wide range of tasks and some garden products, milk, and eggs are traded independently.

3.4: The Proprietary Colonies

  • Most of the settlers of South Carolina came from the Barbados sugar colony, a Caribbean colony that was founded by the British in 1627.

  • A member of the Friends' Society, Penn wanted to turn the settlement into a refuge for religious tolerance and peace.

    • It's a "holy experiment" that Penn wanted this colony.

    • He included guarantees of religious freedom, civil rights, and elected representation in his first government framework, drawn up in 1682.

  • Charles II issued a charter granting his brother James, duke of York, a former Dutch colony which in his honour was renamed New York.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792158055-1632792158055.png

3.5: Conflict and War

  • The Pequot War of 1637 followed almost forty years of peace in New England.

    • Indigenous people and colonists lived in close contact, if tense.

  • In 1677, the Albermarle region of North Carolina, a rebellion known as the Culpeper Rebellion, had been perpetrated by backcountry men.

  • A series of colonial rebellions against the authorities of King James sparked news about the Glorious Revolution in North America.

    • Governor Andros was apprehended and deported in the spring of 1689.

  • Another factor in the violence in North America was the dynastic change in England.

  • In what is referred to as the War of the Grand Alliance, armed conflict started in Europe in 1688, spreading to the colonies of the War of King William

https://s3.amazonaws.com/knowt-user-attachments/images%2F1632792157712-1632792157712.png