1.1 Chemistry and Chemicals

Coffee at night keeps me awake.

I will be able to sleep at night if I stop drinking coffee in the afternoon.

She puts a spot of dye on each shirt.

All the shirts are washed with esis, an experiment, or a detergent after one hour.

There is a shirt soaked in a liquid.

Lucia thinks that when the shirt is washed it won't fade.

The house salad needed a new dressing.

One hour after drinking a glass of milk, Jim experienced stomach pains and had a new dressing made with sesame seed, olive oil and balsamic vinaigrette.

Jim thinks he may have a problem with the dairy product.

The sesame seed salad dressing was the favorite.

Chang noted the orders for the house after two weeks.

The sesame seed dressing did not sell in the house salad because of the stomach cramps.

Sally's color won't fade when the shirt is washed after she ate a shrimp salad.

She broke out in pain.

Lucia notices that the dye in the shirt fades when it doesn't break out.

Sally doesn't have an allergy to shrimp.

Lucia decided that the dye needed something to combine with the fabric.

Strategies that are effective for learning can be identified.

A study plan is needed for learning chemistry.

You may be taking chemistry for the first time.

You can look forward to learning new things in chemistry.

Success in chemistry involves good study habits, connecting new information with your knowledge base, and retrieving what you have learned for an exam.

Learning something requires us to place new information in our long-term memory, which allows us to remember those ideas for an exam.

Our evaluation of study habits depends on how useful they are in helping us recall knowledge.
The study habits that are not very helpful in retrieving include highlighting, swindling, and reading the chapter many times.
If we want to recall new information, we need to connect it with prior knowledge.
A lot of practice testing ourselves on how to retrieve new information can be done by developing study habits.
We can determine how much we've learned by going back a few days.
A useful learning strategy is to study different ideas at the same time, which will allow us to connect those ideas and differentiate them.
The study habits help us find gaps in our knowledge and connect new information with what we already know.
It's easier to study for exams if you retain and retrieve more information.

Don't rereading text or notes.

Reading the same material over and over will make it seem familiar, but it doesn't mean you have learned it.

As you read, ask yourself questions.

Asking yourself questions as you read is necessary.
You can ask yourself how the new material is related to the previous material.
You can retrieve new material by linking it with long-term knowledge.

Give yourself quizzes to self-test.

Take tests frequently if you use problems in the text or sample exams.

It's better to study at a regular pace.

You can practice testing and retrieving information after you have tested yourself.
We don't remember all the information when we first read it.
We identify what we need to learn by quizzing and retesting.
The associations between newly learned information are strengthened by sleep.
Lack of sleep may affect the ability to retrieve information.
Staying up all night to take your chemistry exam is not a good idea.
Success in chemistry is a combination of learning new information and retrieving it when you need it for an exam.

You can study different topics in a chapter and relate the new concepts to the ones you already know.

We can learn material more efficiently if we relate it to information we already know.

We can get information when we need it.

Predict which student will get the highest score.

A student reads four times.

A student works all the problems at the end of each section if he reads the chapter twice.

A student is about to take the exam.

A student who reads the chapter two times and works all the problems at the end of each section uses self-testing to make connections between concepts and practicing retrieving information learned previously.

It is possible to strengthen connections between new and previously learned information.

There is a periodic table on the front cover.

Tables that summarize useful information are on the inside of the back cover.

Looking to the future.

When you are ready to read a section of the chapter, look at the section title and ask yourself a question.
Asking yourself questions about new topics builds new connections to what you've already learned.

What you know is what you need to learn.

Each of the odd-numbered problems is matched to the following even-numbered problem.

The answers to the odd-numbered problems are provided at the end of each chapter.
If the answers match yours, you will most likely understand the topic; if not, you need to study the section again.

Many of the figures and diagrams depict the atomic level of organization of ordinary objects, such as the atoms in aluminum foil.

The models show the concepts in the text and allow you to see them in a different way.

You will find several study aids at the end of each chapter.

Studying with a group can be beneficial to learning.

Students fill in gaps and correct misunderstandings in a group by teaching and learning together.
Peer correction is not allowed by studying alone.

Think about your approach to studying and learning chemistry as you embark on your journey into the world of chemistry.

Some of the ideas are in the following list.

There are ideas that will help you learn chemistry.

Studying in a group can help you learn.