Chapter 10: The Later Middle Ages, 1300-1500
- Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453)
- Happened because of conflicts between England and France over Gascony and the cloth industry of Flanders and because of disputes over the French royal line of succession
- Philip VI became king of France (first of the Valois line to be king)
- Henry VI became King of France after Philip VI
- French defeated English in final battle of Hundred Years’ War
- England’s continental land was limited to Calais in France
- Black Death (1347-1450)
- Around half of Europe’s population died due to the Black Death
- Carried by the fleas of infected rats
- Arrived on merchant ship in 1347
- The cause, transmission, and cure wasn’t known until the late 1800s
- Preachers saw it as divine punishment for sins while others blamed Jews
- Eliminated labor surplus
- Upper classes were hurt by the economy after the plague
- English peasants revolted against the government as it had tried to collect a new poll tax in 1381
- Peasants marched to London demanding elimination of labor services, serfdom, and poll taxes
- The power of Papacy declined in the late Middle Ages
- Great Schism (1378-1417)
- Period in which 3 popes fought at once over the rule of Church
- Schism was resolved by the Council of Constance (1414-1418)
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