6.2 Ionic Compounds

6.2 Ionic Compounds

  • Write the correct formula using charge balance.
  • Every day, we use ionic compounds such as salt, NaCl, and baking soda.
  • Milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2, or calcium carbonate, CaCO3 may be taken to settle an upset stomach.
    • In a mineral supplement, iron may be present as iron(II) sulfate, FeSO4 and KI.
    • Zinc oxide, ZnO, is found in some sunscreens, while tin(II) fluoride, SnF2, is found in toothpaste.
    • Gemstones are ionic compounds that are cut and polished to make a compound.
    • The aluminum oxide in sapphires and rubies is Al2O3.
    • There are iron and titanium ion that make rubies red and sapphires blue.
  • The physical and chemical properties of an ionic compound are very different from those of the original elements.
    • The original elements of NaCl were sodium, a shiny metal, and chlorine, a yellow-green poisonous gas.
    • Ordinary table salt is important in our diet because it is a hard, white, crystal substance.
  • Every Na+ ion is surrounded by six Cl- ion in this crystal.
    • There are many attractions between the positive and negative ion, which account for the high melting points of ionic compounds.
    • The melting point of NaCl is 800 degC.
    • Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature.
  • The compound that makes up table salt is formed when the elements sodium and chlorine react.
  • The sum of the ionic charges in the formula is always zero.
    • To achieve a stable electron arrangement, one Na atom loses one electron to form Na+, and one non-metal atom gains one electron.
    • The compound has charge balance because there is one Na+ for every chloride ion.
    • The formula of the compound does not show the positive or negative charged ion.
  • There is a compound of magnesium and chlorine.
    • To achieve a stable electron arrangement, one Mg atom loses its two electrons.
    • Two non-metals gain one electron to form two strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium strontium stron There is a positive charge of Mg2+.
    • The subscript 2 shows that two Cl- ion are needed for charge balance.
  • The number of positive and negative ion that give an overall charge of zero is represented by the subscripts in the formula of an ionic compound.
    • We can write a formula from the positive and negative ion charges.
    • Suppose we want to write a formula for the ionic compound.
    • The overall charge of the formula is zero.
    • The cation is first followed by the anion in the formula of an ionic compound.
    • The number of the ion is shown in appropriate subscripts.
    • The lowest ratio of ion in the compound is found in this formula.