Acids, Bases, CA, and CB

Characteristics of an Acid

• Acids are substances that donate protons (H+) in a chemical reaction, typically possessing a sour taste and turning blue litmus paper red.

• They taste sour

• Examples include citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid.

• React with bases to form water and salts

• Have a pH less than 7, indicating that they are acidic in nature. Acids are substances that donate protons (H+), have a sour taste, and turn blue litmus paper red. They react with bases to form water and salts, have a pH less than 7, and include examples like citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid.

Characteristics of a Base

• Bases are substances that can accept protons (H+) or donate electron pairs, resulting in a pH greater than 7, and they often feel slippery to the touch.

• They taste bitter

• Feel slippery

• Turn blue litmus paper red, indicating their basic properties.

Arrhenius Definitions of Acids and Bases

• Acids: According to Arrhenius, an acid is a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution.

• Bases: An Arrhenius base is a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution.